Strategies That Promote Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Latinx Communities: a Review

Demeke, Jemal; Ramos, S Raquel; McFadden, SarahAnn M.; Dada, Debbie; Djiometio, Joseph Nguemo; Vlahov, David; Wilton, Leo; Wang, Mengzu; Nelson, LaRon E.

doi:10.1007/s40615-022-01320-8

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Nonetheless, recent reviews have documented the various factors that influence rates of vaccine uptake among Black and Hispanic communities, including immigrant communities (which overlaps with Black and Hispanic-identified individuals) [ 21 ]. Moreover, even though these groups experienced early disparities in rates of COVID-10 vaccine uptake, there is evidence that they gained ground by the development and implementation locally-grounded, community-based strategies that we were resonant with their culture and responsive to the social and material conditions of their lives [ 22 – 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Variation in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Cancer History

Poghosyan

Dinan

Tamamyan

et al. 2022

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Background The purpose of this study was to estimate COVID-19 vaccination rate among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer history and determine whether COVID-19 vaccine uptake is higher among non-Hispanic White beneficiaries compared with racially and ethnically minoritized beneficiaries. Methods We used US representative, cross-sectional data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Winter 2021 Rapid Response Community Supplement Survey. A total of 1,863 respondents with self-reported cancer history (other than skin cancer) were included. The outcome was self-reported receipt of at least one coronavirus vaccine dose since vaccines became available. The key independent variable of interest was self-reported race and ethnicity. We applied sample weights to account for the survey design and provide population estimates to 9.6 million beneficiaries with cancer history. Weighted descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results During the first 4 months of vaccine availability, 69.6% of beneficiaries received at least one vaccine dose of which 65.4% had two vaccine doses. A larger proportion of non-Hispanic White beneficiaries (71.9%) had at least one vaccine dose compared with non-Hispanic Black (60.4%) and Hispanic (57.4%) beneficiaries. An estimated 30.4% of beneficiaries were still unvaccinated, that represents approximately 2.9 million unvaccinated beneficiaries with cancer history. Hispanic beneficiaries were 42% (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.33–0.99; p = .048) less likely to be vaccinated compared with non-Hispanic White beneficiaries. Conclusions Results indicate racial and ethnic differences in vaccine uptake among Medicare beneficiaries with cancer history. Effective strategies are needed to help increase vaccine confidence and uptake among adults with cancer history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Variation in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Cancer History

Poghosyan

Dinan

Tamamyan

et al. 2022

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…The impact of this misinformation is exacerbated by social media companies' inability to effectively identify and flag or remove Spanish misinformation, allowing it to spread for longer within online conversations. [18,19] Over time, vaccine hesitancy among the Hispanic population decreased, as efforts were made to address vaccine misinformation, provide culturally appropriate vaccine education and messaging and provide more accessible vaccine clinic locations [20]. A poll from May 2021 found that Hispanic people were the group that was most eager to get vaccinated at this time [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multifaceted Campaign to Combat COVID-19 Misinformation in the Hispanic Community

Dunn¹,

Panchal²,

Fields

et al. 2022

J Community Health

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At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Public Good Projects, Hispanic Communications Network and World Voices Media joined forces to launch a nationwide, multifaceted campaign which aimed to increase vaccine confidence and decrease misinformation on social media within Hispanic communities. We created a Spanish vaccine misinformation tracking system to detect and assess misinformation circulating in online Spanish conversations. We used our media monitoring findings to work with Hispanic social media (SM) influencers, volunteers, and celebrities to spread pro-vaccine messaging online. We created misinformation-responsive SM assets, newsletters, talking points and trainings for Hispanic-serving community-based organizations (CBOs) to help them respond to misinformation and increase vaccine uptake. We used our misinformation findings to inform the creation of mass media communications such as radio PSAs and op-eds. In Year 1, our new Spanish monitoring system captured and organized 35 M Spanish and 212.7 M English posts about COVID-19 misinformation. We recruited 496 paid influencers, 2 Hispanic celebrities and 1,034 digital volunteers. We sent 70 newsletters to an average of 1539 CBO subscribers, containing 206 talking points and 344 resources (SM assets, toolkits, videos) in English and Spanish to support their outreach. Our radio PSAs reached 26.9 M people and the op-eds reached 2.9 M people. This project shows the proliferation of misinformation circulating in online Spanish conversations. It also shows we were effective at reaching our target audience with fact-based COVID-19 misinformation prebunk and debunk messaging.

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“…This scoping review suggests that distinguishing among individual and social/community factors that may fuel decisional ambivalence characteristic of Covid-19 VH—”a state of indecision and uncertainly about vaccination before a decision is made to act (or not act)” [35, p.58]—and factors attributable to systemic and structural barriers in access to vaccination and historically-justified mistrust of healthcare institutions, government public health, and the pharmaceutical industry, may support evidence informed strategies to promote Covid-19 vaccination among marginalized communities. Nevertheless, distilling and applying lessons from Covid-19 vaccination to effectively and equitably address VH and broader challenges in vaccine access may be contingent on resourcing and scaling up community partnerships and local health infrastructures [23,25,96,100], national population-specific public health initiatives to promote vaccination [101,102], and structural reforms beyond those traditionally associated with public health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel determinants of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and undervaccination among marginalized populations in the United States: A scoping review

Newman

Nyoni

Allan

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Amid persistent disparities in Covid-19 vaccination, we conducted a scoping review to identify multilevel determinants of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy (VH) and undervaccination among marginalized populations in the U.S. Methods: We utilized the scoping review methodology developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and report all findings according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. We developed a search string and explored 7 databases to identify peer-reviewed articles published from January 1, 2020–October 31, 2021, the initial period of U.S. Covid-19 vaccine availability. We combine frequency analysis and narrative synthesis to describe factors influencing Covid-19 vaccination among marginalized populations. Results: The search captured 2,496 non-duplicated records, which were scoped to 50 peer-reviewed articles: 11 (22%) focused on African American/Black people, 9 (18%) people with disabilities, 4 (8%) justice-involved people, and 2 (4%) each on Latinx, people living with HIV/AIDS, people who use drugs, and LGBTQ+ people. Forty-four articles identified structural factors, 36 social/community, 27 individual, and 40 vaccine-specific factors. Structural factors comprised medical mistrust (of healthcare systems, government public health) and access barriers due to unemployment, unstable housing, lack of transportation, no/low paid sick days, low internet/digital technology access, and lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate information. Social/community factors including trust in a personal healthcare provider (HCP), altruism, family influence, and social proofing mitigated VH. At the individual level, low perceived Covid-19 threat and negative vaccine attitudes were associated with VH. Discussion: This review indicates the importance of identifying and disaggregating structural factors underlying Covid-19 undervaccination among marginalized populations, both cross-cutting and population-specific—including multiple logistical and economic barriers in access, and systemic mistrust of healthcare systems and government public health—from individual and social/community factors, including trust in personal HCPs/clinics as reliable sources of vaccine information, altruistic motivations, and family influence, to effectively address individual decisional conflict underlying VH as well as broader determinants of undervaccination.

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Strategies That Promote Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Latinx Communities: a Review

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Racial and Ethnic Variation in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Cancer History

Racial and Ethnic Variation in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Cancer History

A Multifaceted Campaign to Combat COVID-19 Misinformation in the Hispanic Community

Multilevel determinants of Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy and undervaccination among marginalized populations in the United States: A scoping review

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