Strategies to increase the efficacy of using gut microbiota for the modulation of obesity

Abstract

Obesity is one of the most serious global public health challenges of the 21st century. The adjustment of gut microbiota is often recommended as an efficient strategy to treat obesity. This modulation of gut microbiota can be performed by many methods, including dietary intervention, antibiotic application, the use of prebiotics and probiotics, bariatric surgery and faecal microbiota transplantation. In most cases, positive effects have been observed in response to treatment, but invalid and even contrary effects have also been observed in some cases due to factors that are unrelated to intervention methods, such as genetic factors, patient age or gender, environmental microbiota, climate, geography and lifestyle. These factors can cause variation of gut microbial populations and thus should also be taken into consideration when selecting modulation strategies.

Extract of the Microalga Nitzschia laevis Prevents High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota

“…Emerging evidence supports the benefits of a favorable profile of GM in weight management . Many natural products, including plant foods and phytochemicals, have been found to be effective in weight management by modulating GM .…”

“…Emerging evidence supports the benefits of a favorable profile of GM in weight management . Many natural products, including plant foods and phytochemicals, have been found to be effective in weight management by modulating GM . However, there has been a lack of conclusive data on the specific phylum(s) of microbiota that was responsible for the anti‐obesity effect observed in these previous studies.…”

Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass decreases endotoxemia and inflammatory stress in association with improvements in gut permeability in obese diabetic rats

“…Numerous studies have reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is produced by Gram‐negative bacteria, can penetrate the intestinal barrier to enter the blood circulation and induce intestinal endotoxemia . Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the gut microbiota regulate the host's energy metabolism is unclear . Intestinal endotoxemia is a critical factor in obesity and metabolic abnormalities, and the intestinal barrier plays an important role in these processes …”

“…[5][6][7] Nevertheless, the mechanism by which the gut microbiota regulate the host's energy metabolism is unclear. 8 Intestinal endotoxemia is a critical factor in obesity and metabolic abnormalities, and the intestinal barrier plays an important role in these processes. 9 Plasma endotoxin levels decrease postoperatively in some patients after RYGB.…”

Peer Review #2 of "Bibliometric analysis of research on the role of intestinal microbiota in obesity (v0.3)"

“…Among factors, intestinal microbiota can influence the whole-body metabolism by affecting the host's energy homeostasis (de Vadder & Mithieux 2018;Omari-Siaw et al 2016). There are ample studies showing that probiotics and prebiotics, or other dietary substances, can be used to alleviate obesity through the modulation of the host's intestinal microbiota (Bird et al 2017;Li et al 2017a;Li et al 2017b). However, to date, the role of intestinal microbiota in the formation and progression of obesity has not been systematically presented using bibliometric analysis.…”