Cadherins are surface glycoproteins on plasma membranes and exist in many forms: T-cadherin, neuronal cadherin (N-cadherin), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), and vascular endothelial (VE-cadherin). Cadherins play critical roles in cell-cell interactions and are involved in multiple functions related to cell growth and proliferation. Findings from numerous reports have indicated that VE-cadherin regulates the remodeling, gating, and maturation of vascular vessels. The surface morphology of materials also impacts endothelial cell adhesion. This report is an overview of recent research on the effects of cadherins on cell-cell interactions, along with cell adhesions as examined on different materials. This summary will provide novel insights and approaches for research on cell-cell and cell-material interactions and illuminate some of the mechanisms of cell growth on different materials.