Strategy for discriminating cholesterol and premalignancy in polypoid lesions of the gallbladder: a single‐centre, retrospective cohort study

Wu, Tianchun; Sun, Zhongquan; Jiang, Yiqun; Yu, Jinbei; Chang, Chengdong; Dong, Xiaogang; Yan, Sheng

doi:10.1111/ans.14961

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, identifying the risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation is important for prevention and individualized treatment. However, previous etiological studies investigating risk factors for gallbladder polyps formation failed to separate cholesterol polyps from other types, such as inflammatory polyps and adenomatous polyps [4,6,8]. In addition, false-positive results are inevitable in the diagnosis of cholesterol polyps by abdominal ultrasound, a diagnostic method widely used in previous studies [11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholesterol polyps account for the majority of all GBP, ranging from 63.0%-92.0%; the remaining are non-cholesterol GBP, such as adenomatous polyps, inflammatory polyps, and adenocarcinoma [1][2][3][4]. Previous studies based on ultrasound have shown variable risk factors associated with GBP, including a higher body mass index (BMI), male sex, higher glucose, higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL), increased triglycerides (TG), and higher serum total cholesterol (TC) [2,[4][5][6][7][8]. Currently, no consensus as to treatment has been reached, and tailored, evidence-based treatment for cholesterol polyps is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder are closely related to lipid metabolism

Yang

Bai

et al. 2021

Lipids Health Dis

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Background The purpose of this study was to assess the risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study based on pathology. From January 2016 to December 2019, patients who underwent cholecystectomy and non-polyp participants confirmed by continuous ultrasound follow-ups were reviewed. Patients in the cholesterol polyp group were recruited from three high-volume centers with a diagnosis of pathologically confirmed cholesterol polyps larger than 10 mm. Population characteristics and medical data were collected within 24 h of admission before surgery. The non-polyp group included participants from the hospital physical examination center database. They had at least two ultrasound examinations with an interval longer than 180 days. Data from the final follow-up of the non-polyp group were analyzed. The risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation were analyzed by comparing the two groups. Results A total of 4714 participants were recruited, including 376 cholesterol polyp patients and 4338 non-polyp participants. In univariate analysis, clinical risk factors for cholesterol polyps were age, male sex, higher body mass index (BMI), higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. In multivariate logistic analysis, independent risk factors were age > 50 years (odds ratio [OR] = 3.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.33–3.91, P < 0.001], LDL > 2.89 mmol/L (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.08–1.78, P = 0.011), lower HDL (OR = 1.78 95% CI 1.32–2.44, P < 0.001), AST > 40 IU/L (OR = 3.55, 95% CI 2.07–6.07, P < 0.001), and BMI > 25 kg/m 2 (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.01–1.72, P = 0.037). Conclusions Age, LDL, HDL, AST, and BMI are strong risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation. Older overweight patients with polyps, accompanied by abnormal lipid levels, are at high risk for cholesterol polyps.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder are closely related to lipid metabolism

Yang

Bai

et al. 2021

Lipids Health Dis

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“…Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (GBP) are defined as any raised lesion of the mucosal surface of the gallbladder. Recently, with the advancement in sonographic tools and increased health screening examinations, the incidence of GBP has increased gradually from 5 to 10% in adults [ 1 ] and GBPs are found in 0.6–4% of the cholecystectomy specimens worldwide [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile cholesterol and viscosity, the keys to discriminating adenomatous polyps from cholesterol polyps by a novel predictive scoring model

Kim

Hong

2020

BMC Gastroenterol

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Background: Adenomatous gallbladder polyps, premalignant lesions of the gallbladder, have fatal outcomes, whereas cholesterol polyps have benign features. Herein, we proposed a novel, predictive scoring model of adenomatous polyps to distinguish them from cholesterol polyps, by analyzing bile components and bile viscosity. Methods: Patients with gallbladder polyp pathologically confirmed after cholecystectomies were analyzed. After dividing patients into two groups (adenomatous or cholesterol polyps), the clinicopathologic profiles and bile nature, including components and viscosity were compared and a predictive scoring model for adenomatous polyps was assessed. Results: Eleven adenomatous polyps and 96 cholesterol polyps were analyzed. The variables significantly associated with adenomatous polyps were age > 55 years (OR = 23.550, p = 0.020), bile viscosity< 7.5 s − 1 (OR = 22.539, p = 0.012), and bile cholesterol< 414.5 mg/dl (OR = 10.004, p = 0.023) and the points for each variable in the predictive scoring model were allocated as 3, 3, and 2, respectively. Final scores ranged from 0 to 8 points and the best performance of model at a cutoff of ≥6 points had 90.9% of sensitivity and 80.2% of specificity. Conclusions: Bile viscosity and bile cholesterol accompanied by age were revealed as significant predictors of adenomatous polyps, distinguishing them from cholesterol polyps of gallbladder. It can be the cornerstone for creating accurate guidelines for preoperatively determining treatment strategies of gallbladder polyps.

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“…Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (GBP) are de ned as any raised lesion of the mucosal surface of the gallbladder. Recently, with the advancement in sonographic tools and increased health screening examinations, the incidence of GBP has increased gradually from 5% to 10% in adults [1] and GBPs are found in 0.6 -4% of the cholecystectomy specimens worldwide [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile cholesterol and viscosity, the keys to discriminating adenomatous polyps from cholesterol polyps by a novel predictive scoring model.

Kim

Hong

2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Adenomatous gallbladder polyps, premalignant lesions of the gallbladder, have fatal outcomes, whereas cholesterol polyps have benign features. Herein, we proposed a novel, predictive scoring model of adenomatous polyps to distinguish them from cholesterol polyps, by analyzing bile components and bile viscosity. Methods: Patients with gallbladder polyp pathologically confirmed after cholecystectomies were analyzed. After dividing patients into two groups (adenomatous or cholesterol polyps), the clinicopathologic profiles and bile nature, including components and viscosity were compared and a predictive scoring model for adenomatous polyps was assessed. Results: 11 adenomatous polyps and 96 cholesterol polyps were analyzed. The variables significantly associated with adenomatous polyps were age>55years (OR=23.550, p=0.020 ), bile viscosity<7.5sec -1 (OR=22.539, p=0.012 ), and bile cholesterol<414.5mg/dl (OR=10.004, p=0.023 ) and the points for each variable in the predictive scoring model were allocated as 3, 3, and 2, respectively. Final scores ranged from 0 to 8 points and the best performance of model at a cutoff of ≥6 points had 90.9% of sensitivity and 80.2% of specificity. Conclusions: Bile viscosity and bile cholesterol accompanied by age were revealed as significant predictors of adenomatous polyps, distinguishing them from cholesterol polyps of gallbladder. It can be the cornerstone for creating accurate guidelines for preoperatively determining treatment strategies of gallbladder polyps.

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Strategy for discriminating cholesterol and premalignancy in polypoid lesions of the gallbladder: a single‐centre, retrospective cohort study

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder are closely related to lipid metabolism

Risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder are closely related to lipid metabolism

Bile cholesterol and viscosity, the keys to discriminating adenomatous polyps from cholesterol polyps by a novel predictive scoring model

Bile cholesterol and viscosity, the keys to discriminating adenomatous polyps from cholesterol polyps by a novel predictive scoring model.

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