Efforts to promote fishing community empowerment frequently face obstacles owing to inefficient measures carried out by multiple parties that do not result in substantial improvements in the fishing communities. The persistence of this problem, however, can be linked to a lack of capacity building activities, particularly in the context of sustainability, which is critical for long-term development among fishermen. This research intends to investigate the reality of fishermen's capacity building in Terengganu, Malaysia, using the aspects of economic sustainability, institutional environment, and fishermen's technology. The study included 220 coastal fishermen who were sampled in stages. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analysed using descriptive statistics and Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (SEM-PLS). According to the study's findings, the development of sustainability capabilities (technological, economic, institutional, and technological) influences the empowerment of fishing communities. As a result, community empowerment programmes should focus on capacity building in order to foster a well-empowered community.