Stratigraphic and micromineralogic investigations on Cretaceous Formations of the Gerecse Mountains, Hungary and their palaeogeographic implications

Császár, Géza; Árgyelán, Gizella B.

doi:10.1006/cres.1994.1024

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…and the Transdanubian Central Range (Gerecse Mts). Facies and petrologic similarities among these sedimentary successions have been recognized by previous authors (e.g., Decker et al 1987;Faupl and Wagreich 1992;Császár and Á rgyelán 1994), and a common provenance, the suture zone of the Tethys Ocean has been suggested (Pober and Faupl 1988;Á rgyelán 1996;Babić et al 2002). A comparison of Cr-spinel data from all three areas (Fig.…”

Section: Provenance and Paleogeographic Relationssupporting

confidence: 57%

Ophiolitic detritus in Cretaceous clastic formations of the Dinarides (NW Croatia): evidence from Cr-spinel chemistry

Lužar-Oberiter

Mikes²,

Eynatten³

et al. 2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Cr-spinel is a common heavy mineral in the sandstones of Cretaceous synorogenic sedimentary formations of the NW Dinarides, Croatia. The rocks occur in isolated exposures in the uplifted basement units of Medvednica, Ivanščica, Ž umberak and Samobor Mountains near Zagreb. In this area, evidence of the early Alpine evolution of the Dinarides is obscured due to strong dismemberment of pre-Tertiary tectonostratigraphic units resulting from an intense tectonic history, as well as due to the widespread sedimentary cover of the Pannonian Basin. Electron microprobe analyses of detrital Cr-spinels from the Oštrc Formation reveal that in the Early Cretaceous the ophiolitic source area was predominantly composed of harzburgite peridotites and associated cumulate rocks, which developed in a supra-subduction zone setting. The supply of Cr-spinels with the same chemical signature remained dominant until the end of the Cretaceous, suggesting that exposed remnants of the same ophiolite belt persisted through the Cretaceous and/or that recycling was significant. Similarities with data reported from the Northern Calcareous Alps and the Transdanubian Central Range imply that a rather extensive harzburgitic ophiolite belt probably extended along the Adriatic margin during the Early Cretaceous. A slight trend of increasing variation in the Cr# is observed from the Early to the latest Cretaceous, suggesting that the source areas became more heterogeneous with the ongoing Cretaceous tectonic evolution. Differences in Cr-spinel compositions in two contemporaneous latest Cretaceous formations are well in line with existing data on heavy mineral proportions, which together identify contrasting hinterland geology for these formations and strongly suggest the coeval existence of two separate basins.

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Section: Provenance and Paleogeographic Relationssupporting

confidence: 57%

Ophiolitic detritus in Cretaceous clastic formations of the Dinarides (NW Croatia): evidence from Cr-spinel chemistry

Lužar-Oberiter

Mikes²,

Eynatten³

et al. 2008

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…These fundamental geodynamic events are reflected in the structural evolution of the Transdanubian Range Unit (TRU). Development of a flexural basin in the NE part of the TRU and appearance of ophiolite-derived clasts in the basin-filling siliciclastic formations record the obduction of the Neotethys oceanic basement (Császár and Árgyelán, 1994;Fodor et al, 2013). In the late Aptian to early Albian, roughly coeval with the onset of the evolution of the nappe-stack, accompanied by deformation, uplift, and subaerial exposure, the large synclinal structure of TRU formed.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies architecture and palaeoenvironmental implications of the upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Csehbánya formation at the Iharkút vertebrate locality (Bakony Mountains, Northwestern Hungary)

Botfalvai

Haas

Bodor

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Csehbánya Formation (Santonian), exposed in the Iharkút open-pit, BakonyMountains, Hungary, is made up of a cyclic alternation of conglomerate, sandstone, and variegated siltstone and clay deposited in a fluviolacustrine environment. As a result of continuous excavation since 2002 it has yielded rich and diverse continental vertebrate and plant assemblages. A facies and architectural analysis of the Csehbánya Formation at this location identified four main lithofacies associations with eight subtypes consisting of (1) lenticular sandstones representing river channels, (2) conglomerates with sandstone (coarse grained likewise representing channel deposits), (3) heterolithic-channel fill (high density flash flow deposits) (4) splay sandstones produced by crevasse splays, (5) dark sandy siltstone (small-scale stagnant pool deposits with high organic content), (6) greenish-grey claystone (deposits of shallow lakes and ponds), (7) reddish (moderately drained) paleosols, (7) yellowish, mottled (hydromorphic) paleosols.The sedimentological investigations revealed that the terrestrial deposits exposed by the Iharkút open-pit were formed in an anastomosing fluvial system because: (i) the alluvial architecture is characterized by large proportion of overbank deposits encasing the channel sandstone bodies, (ii) the ribbon shaped sandstone bodies are dominant, (iii) cross-bedding and lateral accretion are almost completely absent in the channel fill deposits and (iv) the sandstone bodies are clearly isolated from each other, embedded in floodplain sediments, suggesting multiple co-existing channels.The most important vertebrate fossil site (SZ-6) was examined in special detail because it shows peculiar lithological features. The layers richest in fossils (Unit 1) of site is interpreted as a lag deposit formed during an episodic high density flash flood event representing a relatively short time interval, i.e., probably within a single rainy season. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 1. INTRODUCTIONA significant part of continental vertebrate fossils is found in alluvial deposits thus the reconstruction of the depositional history of alluvial sequences is the main goal of any sedimentological, paleontological and taphonomical examination of vertebrate sites (Behrensmeyer, 1982(Behrensmeyer, , 1988Retallack, 1984; Badgley, 1986a,b;Eberth and Miall, 1991;Nadon, 1993;Therrien, 2005;Roberts, 2007). One of the reasons for the accumulation of rich vertebrate fossil-bearing strata is that a relatively high number of animals are attracted to the floodplain due to abundant water and food supply (different plants or prey), which can result in a rich accumulation of bones (Behrensmeyer, 1988;Nadon, 1993;Andersson and Kaakinen, 2004). Furthermore, certain floodplain environments are favourable for bone preservation because of the relatively high depositional rate, post-mortem transportation, and reworking of animal remains by various fluvial processes (Behrensmeyer, 1988;Aslan and Behrensmeyer, 1996)....

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“…Similar Early Cretaceous clastics (turbiditic sandstones to conglomerates -Sztanó 1990) of Barremian to Albian age, which derived from obducting and colliding plate fragments, as revealed by ophiolite-derived clasts (Császár & B. Árgyelán 1994), metamorphics of a mixed-provenance orogenic belt and coeval shallow-water debris are typical also in the Transdanubian Range (e.g. Gerecse Mountains; Császár et al 2012) or the Western Carpathians (Mišík et al 1980;Jablonský et al 2001).…”

Section: Erosion Of a Jurassic Ophiolitic Nappe-stack As Indicated Bymentioning

confidence: 92%

Erosion of a Jurassic ophiolitic nappe-stack as indicated by exotic components in the Lower Cretaceous Rossfeld Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria)

Krische¹,

Goričan²,

Gawlick³

2014

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The microfacies and biostratigraphy of components in mass-flow deposits from the Lower Cretaceous Rossfeld Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps in Austria were analysed. The pebbles are classified into six groups: 1) Triassic carbonates (uppermost Werfen to basal Gutenstein Formations), 2) Upper Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous carbonates (Oberalm Formation and Barmstein Limestone), 3) contemporaneous carbonate bioclasts (?Valanginian to ?Hauterivian), 4) siliceous pebbles (radiolarites, ophicalcites, siliceous deep-sea clays, cherts), 5) volcanic and ophiolitic rock fragments and 6) siliciclastics such as quartz-sandstones and siltstones. The radiolarites show three age groups: Ladinian to Early Carnian, Late Carnian/Norian and Late Bajocian to Callovian. The Middle Triassic radiolarites are interpreted as derived from the Meliata facies zone or from the Neotethys ocean floor, whereas the Late Triassic radiolarites give evidence of the sedimentary cover of the Neotethys ocean floor. During late Early to early Late Jurassic, the Triassic to Early/Middle Jurassic passive margin of the Neotethys attained a lower plate position and became obducted by the accreted ocean floor of the Neotethys Ocean. The accreted ocean floor was contemporaneously eroded and resedimented in different deep-water basins in front of the nappe-stack. These basin fills were subsequently incorporated in the orogen forming mélanges in this complex ophiolitic nappe-stack. The Middle Jurassic radiolarites are interpreted as the matrix of these mélanges. Together with the volcanic and ophiolitic material the siliceous rocks were eroded from this ophiolitic nappe-stack in Early Cretaceous times and brought by a fluvial system to the Rossfeld Basin within the Tirolic realm of the Northern Calcareous Alps. The different fining-upward sequences in the succession of the Lower Cretaceous Rossfeld Formation can be best explained by sea-level fluctuations and decreasing tectonic activity in the Jurassic orogen.

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Stratigraphic and micromineralogic investigations on Cretaceous Formations of the Gerecse Mountains, Hungary and their palaeogeographic implications

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Ophiolitic detritus in Cretaceous clastic formations of the Dinarides (NW Croatia): evidence from Cr-spinel chemistry

Ophiolitic detritus in Cretaceous clastic formations of the Dinarides (NW Croatia): evidence from Cr-spinel chemistry

Facies architecture and palaeoenvironmental implications of the upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Csehbánya formation at the Iharkút vertebrate locality (Bakony Mountains, Northwestern Hungary)

Erosion of a Jurassic ophiolitic nappe-stack as indicated by exotic components in the Lower Cretaceous Rossfeld Formation of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Austria)

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