Stratigraphic evolution of Eocene clinoforms from northern Santos Basin, offshore Brazil: Evaluating controlling factors on shelf-margin growth and deep-water sedimentation

Berton, Fábio; Vesely, Fernando Farias

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.09.007

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although sand transport to the deep-sea is favored by forced regressions (e.g., Muto & Steel, 2002;Helland-Hansen & Hampson, 2009), occurrence and volume of turbidites are not exclusively controlled by base-level falls (e.g., Burgess & Hovius, 1998;Carvajal & Steel, 2006;Dixon et al, 2012;Safronova et al, 2014;Berton & Vesely, 2016). Turbidites were identified in all seismic facies associations formed during base-level falls, but they are more frequently observed on the bottomset of clinoforms from association 1, in which well-developed shelf-margin deltas/shoreface deposits occur (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This facies is interpreted as shelf-margin deltas (e.g., Porębski & Steel, 2003;Moreira & Carminatti, 2004;Patruno et al, 2015) or shoreface deposits (e.g., Bourget et al, 2014) formed when sand-rich progradational systems advanced beyond the original shelf edge. In seismic data, both deposits appear as smaller-scale prograding clinoforms, and in well data both show a sand-rich composition.…”

Section: Seismic Facies Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Eocene interval in northern Santos basin, Brazilian offshore, comprises a complex of high-relief progradational clinoforms (Moreira et al, 2001;Henriksen et al 2011;Dixon, 2013;Berton & Vesely, 2016) associated with shelf-margin accretion developed under relatively high-sediment supply and low accommodation rates. Because of these characteristics, depositional elements from outer shelf to basinal settings are well preserved, including slope clinoforms, submarine channels and lobes, slump scars and mass-transport deposits (e.g., Moreira & Carminatti, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic expression of depositional elements associated with a strongly progradational shelf margin: northern Santos Basin, southeastern Brazil

Berton

Vesely

2016

Braz. J. Geol.

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Seismic facies analysis and seismic geomorphology are important tools for the analysis of depositional elements in subsurface. This paper aimed to investigate the character and genesis of depositional elements and erosive features associated with an Eocene progradational shelf margin in northern Santos Basin. Identified seismic facies are interpreted as shelf-margin deltas/shoreface deposits, tangential (oblique) clinoforms, sigmoidal clinoforms, topset reflectors, mass-transport deposits and turbidites. These facies are grouped into four associations representing periods of relatively constant environmental conditions. Association 1 is composed of shelf-margin deltas/shoreface deposits, tangential clinoforms and extensive sand--rich turbidites disposed as submarine channels and frontal splays. A progressive increase in clinoform angle within this association has been identified, culminating in high-relief sigmoidal clinoforms with less voluminous turbidites of facies association 2. Association 3 is composed by subparallel to divergent topset reflectors, interpreted as continental to shelfal deposits placed during base-level rises. These are always truncated basinward by slump scars, formed as a consequence of sediment overload at the shelf margin during aggradations. Association 4 is composed of sigmoidal clinoforms, mass-transport deposits and turbidites. Early clinoforms are steeper as a consequence of the topography of the slump scars. Subsequently, dip angles become progressively gentler as the system approach to the equilibrium profile. The steep physiography was favorable for canyon incision, which played an important role in turbidite deposition. Mass-transport deposits, formed subsequent to slope collapse, are composed of mud-rich diamictites, and show strong internal deformation.KEYWORDS: Seismic facies; Seismic geomorphology; Deep-marine deposition; Mass-transport deposits; Turbidite systems. RESUMO: A análise de fácies sísmicas e a geomorfologia sísmica são ferramentas importantes para o estudo de elementos deposicionais em subsuperfície. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas as características e a gênese de elementos deposicionais e de feições erosivas associadas a uma margem progradante desenvolvida no Eoceno no norte da bacia de

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seismic Facies Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismic expression of depositional elements associated with a strongly progradational shelf margin: northern Santos Basin, southeastern Brazil

Berton

Vesely

2016

Braz. J. Geol.

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“…The data are SEG normal polarity (American polarity, i.e. an increase in acoustic impedance = peak), zero-phased, and have a processing bin spacing of 25×12.5 m. Vertical resolution (VR) within the Paleocene-Eocene interval of interest is c. 28 m, assuming a velocity of 2750 ms -1 estimated from Berton & Vesely (2016) and dominant frequency of 24 Hz (extracted directly from the seismic data).…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey images the first four seconds two-way time (TWT) of post-salt succession (c. 5.5 km thick), including the main Paleocene-Eocene progradational phase. No wells were available, with ages and velocities estimated through calibration with regional studies (Modica & Brush 2004;Davison 2007;Berton & Vesely 2016). We map two basinwide flooding surfaces in this succession; approximately Maastrichtian-Paleocene (ca.…”

Section: Seismic Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral variability of shelf-edge, slope and basin-floor deposits, Santos Basin, offshore Brazil

Steventon¹,

Jackson²,

Hodgson³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Construction of continental margins is driven by sediment transported across the shelf to the shelf-edge, where it is reworked by wave-, tide- and river-influenced processes within deltas and flanking clastic shorelines. Stalling of continental margin progradation often results in degradation of the outer shelf to upper slope, with re-sedimentation to the lower slope and basin-floor via a range of sediment gravity-flows and mass-movement processes. Our understanding of how these processes contribute to the long-term development of continental margins has typically been limited to observations from broadly two-dimensional, subsurface and outcrop datasets. Consequently, the three-dimensional, particularly along-strike variability in process regime and margin evolution is poorly constrained and often underappreciated. We use a large (90 km by 30 km, parallel to depositional strike and dip, respectively) post-stack time-migrated 3D seismic-reflection dataset to investigate along-strike variations in shelf margin progradation and outer-shelf to upper-slope collapse in the Santos Basin, offshore SE Brazil. Early Palaeogene to Eocene progradation of the shelf margin is recorded by spectacularly imaged, SE-dipping clinoforms. Periodic failure of the outer-shelf and upper slope formed c.30 km-wide (parallel to shelf margin strike) slump scars, which resulted in a strongly scalloped upper slope. Margin collapse caused (1) the emplacement of slope-attached mass-transport complexes (MTCs) (up to ca. 375 m thick, 12+ km long, 20 km wide) on the proximal basin-floor, and (2) accommodation creation on the outer shelf to upper slope. This newly formed accommodation was infilled by shelf-edge-delta clinoforms (up to 685 m thick), that nucleated and prograded basinward from the margin-collapse headwall scarp, downlapping onto the underlying slump scar and/or MTCs. Trajectory analysis of the shelf-edge deltas suggests that slope degradation-created accommodation was generated mainly during times of base-level rise rather than, as would be predicted by most sequence-stratigraphic models, during base-level fall. Our results highlight the significant along-strike variability in depositional style, geometry and evolution of that can occur on this and other continental margins. Coeval strata, separated by only a few kilometres, display strikingly different stratigraphic architectures; this variability could be missed in 2D datasets and is not currently captured in conventional 2D sequence stratigraphic models.

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Incorporation of substrate blocks into mass transport deposits: Insights from subsurface and outcrop studies

Valdez Buso,

Kneller,

da Silva Reis Assis

et al. 2024

The Depositional Record

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Mass movements are common on the continental slope, affecting not only the subsequent sea floor morphology but often substantially modifying the underlying deposits. Various styles of substrate interaction have been recognised, representing the various degrees of involvement of the underlying material and its incorporation into the mass movement. This work presents a new style of basal interaction not previously described. Based on the morphology of the basal surface of a mass transport deposit, this can be recognised both in seismic data and in an outcrop analogue. A subsurface example, from an ca 100 m thick mass transport deposit located in Santos Basin, offshore Brazil, displays a basal surface with spoon‐shaped scours or scoops. These scoops are of the order of tens up to 400 m in maximum dimension, where masses of underlying sediment have been removed and incorporated into the mass movement. Outcrops used for this work are located in La Rioja Province, Western Argentina, where the study involves a well‐exposed ca 200 m thick mass transport deposit that crops out continuously over 7 km. Its basal surface is incised irregularly into the underlying sandstones, incorporating the blocks of sandstone into the mass movement. The striking similarities observed between outcrop examples and the northern Santos Basin suggest that they can be effective analogues, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of mass transport deposit dynamics across diverse basin environments.

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Stratigraphic evolution of Eocene clinoforms from northern Santos Basin, offshore Brazil: Evaluating controlling factors on shelf-margin growth and deep-water sedimentation

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

Seismic expression of depositional elements associated with a strongly progradational shelf margin: northern Santos Basin, southeastern Brazil

Seismic expression of depositional elements associated with a strongly progradational shelf margin: northern Santos Basin, southeastern Brazil

Lateral variability of shelf-edge, slope and basin-floor deposits, Santos Basin, offshore Brazil

Incorporation of substrate blocks into mass transport deposits: Insights from subsurface and outcrop studies

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