Stratigraphy and geochemical anomalies of the early Toarcian oxygen-poor interval in the Umbria-Marche Apennines (Italy)

Parisi, Guido; Ortega-Huertas, M.; Nocchi, Marisa; Palomo, I.; Monaco, Paolo; Martínez, Felipe González

doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(96)80006-4

Cited by 34 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…of Discorhabdis striatus at the top. On this basis, it is possible to affirm that the black shale interval is Early Toarcian in age ( Carinolithus superbus Zone, NJT6) (Parisi et al. , 1996; Mattioli & Erba, 1999; Mailliot et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon‐isotope records of the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) oceanic anoxic event from the Valdorbia (Umbria–Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps) sections: palaeoceanographic and stratigraphic implications

Sabatino¹,

Neri²,

Bellanca³

et al. 2009

Sedimentology

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112

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The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (ca 183 Ma) coincides with a global perturbation marked by enhanced organic carbon burial and a general decrease in calcium carbonate production, probably triggered by changes in the composition of marine plankton and elevated carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. This study is based on high‐resolution sampling of two stratigraphic successions, located in Valdorbia (Umbria–Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps), Italy, which represent expressions of the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event in deep‐water pelagic sediments. These successions are characterized by the occurrence of black shales showing relatively low total organic carbon concentrations (compared with coeval strata in Northern Europe), generally < 2%, and low hydrogen indices. On this basis, they are similar to other Toarcian black shales described from the Tethyan region. The positive and negative carbon‐isotope records from the two localities permit a high‐resolution correlation such that ammonite biostratigraphy information from Valdorbia can be transferred to those parts of the Monte Mangart section that lack these fossils. Spectral analyses of δ13Corg values and of CaCO3 percentages from the sedimentary records of both the Valdorbia and Monte Mangart sections reveal a strong cyclic pattern, best interpreted as an eccentricity signal which hence implies a duration of ca 500 kyr for the negative carbon‐isotope excursion. Based on the carbon‐isotope curves obtained, the high‐resolution correlation between the Italian successions and a section in Yorkshire (Northern Europe) confirms the supposition that the apparent mismatch between the dating of the Toarcian oceanic anoxic event in the Boreal and Tethyan realms is an artefact of biostratigraphy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon‐isotope records of the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) oceanic anoxic event from the Valdorbia (Umbria–Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps) sections: palaeoceanographic and stratigraphic implications

Sabatino¹,

Neri²,

Bellanca³

et al. 2009

Sedimentology

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112

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“…The role of oxygen-limitation in determining the structure of benthic communities of the Janovky Formation is further supported by (1) dominance of trace-fossils produced by infaunal depositfeeders rather than by infaunal suspension-feeders (Ekdale & Mason 1988;Lavaleye et al 2002), (2) high abundance of tubes of the hypoxia-tolerant agglutinated foraminifer Bathysiphon (Gooday et al 2000(Gooday et al , 2002, and (3) high abundance and occupancy of Chondrites with ~0.5 mm-sized branches (Bromley & Ekdale 1984;Savrda & Bottjer 1986;Wetzel 1991;Parisi et al 1996;Martin 2004), all pointing to low oxygen concentrations in bottom and interstitial waters. We suggest that the spotted character of deposits, with dark organic-rich fills in burrows of shallow-tier organisms separated from a lighter surrounding matrix, generally imply a shallow location of RPD in the sediment because organic matter recycling and decomposition in the transitional layer were not effective enough during their deposition.…”

Section: Oxygen-limited Benthic Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace-fossil assemblages with a new ichnogenus in “spotted”

Šimo¹,

Tomášových²

2013

Geologica Carpathica

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Highly-bioturbated “spotted” limestones and marls (Fleckenmergel-Fleckenkalk facies) of the Early Jurassic, which were deposited in broad and recurrent deep-shelf habitats of the Northern Tethys, are characterized by rare benthic carbonate-producing macroinvertebrates. To address this paradox, we analyse trace-fossil assemblages in a ~85 m-thick succession of Pliensbachian spotted deposits (Zliechov Basin, Western Carpathians). They are dominated by infaunal and semi-infaunal deposit-feeders, with 9 ichnogenera and pyritized tubes of the semi-infaunal foraminifer Bathysiphon, being dominated by Chondrites, Lamellaeichnus (new ichnogenus), and Teichichnus. Lamellaeichnus, represented by a horizontal basal cylindrical burrow and an upper row of stacked convex-up gutters, was produced by a mobile deposit-feeder inhabiting shallow tiers because it is crossed by most other trace fossils. We show that the spotty appearance of the deposits is generated by a mixture of (1) dark, organic-rich shallow- and deep-tier traces (TOC = 0.16-0.36), and (2) light grey, organic-poor mottled or structurless sediment (TOC = 0.09-0.22). The higher TOC in shallow-tier burrows of Lamellaeichnus demonstrates that uppermost sediment layers were affected by poor redox cycling. Such conditions imply a limited mixed-layer depth and inefficient nutrient recycling conditioned by hypoxic bottom-waters, allowed by poor circulation and high sedimentation rates in depocenters of the Zliechov Basin. Hypoxic conditions are further supported by (1) dominance of trace-fossils produced by infaunal deposit feeders, (2) high abundance of hypoxiatolerant agglutinated foraminifer Bathysiphon, and (3) high abundance of Chondrites with ~0.5 mm-sized branches. Oxygen-deficient bottom-conditions can thus simultaneously explain the rarity of benthic carbonate-producing macroinvertebrates and high standing abundance of tolerant soft-shell and agglutinated organisms in spotted deposits.

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“…1994; Jiménez et al. 1996; Parisi et al. 1996, 1998; Parisi & Morettini 1999; Macchioni 2002; Vörös 2002, p. 354; Page 2008, p. 46).…”

Section: The Pliensbachian–toarcian Boundary In the Apenninesunclassified

“…1995; Jiménez et al. 1996; Parisi et al. 1996, 1998; Jenkyns & Clayton 1997; Bucefalo Palliani & Riding 1999; Harries & Little 1999; Parisi & Morettini 1999; Ettaki et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, several research groups have investigated the Early Toarcian anoxic event (OAE: Oceanic Anoxic Event), particularly with regard to its geochemical characterization, the study of its possible causes and the description of its effects on marine organisms (e.g. Jenkyns 1985Jenkyns , 1988Jenkyns et al 1991;Bucefalo Palliani & Mattioli 1994;Elmi et al 1994;Farrimond et al 1994;Benedetti et al 1995;Nini et al 1995;Jiménez et al 1996;Parisi et al 1996Parisi et al , 1998Jenkyns & Clayton 1997;Bucefalo Palliani & Riding 1999;Harries & Little 1999;Parisi & Morettini 1999;Ettaki et al 2000;Hesselbo et al 2000Hesselbo et al , 2005Hesselbo et al , 2006Hesselbo et al , 2007Iglesia Llanos & Riccardi 2000;McArthur et al 2000;Pálfy & Smith 2000;Perilli 2000;Sandoval et al 2001;Beerling et al 2002;Bucefalo Palliani et al 2002;Jenkyns et al 2002, p. 352-356;Macchioni 2002;Macchioni & Cecca 2002;Pálfy et al 2002;Schmid-Röhl et al 2002;Vörös 2002;Bailey et al 2003;Morard et al 2003;Schmid-Röhl & Röhl 2003;Cecca & Macchioni 2004;Rosales et al 2004;…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ammonite faunas, OAE and the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary (Early Jurassic) in the Apennines

Bilotta¹,

Venturi²,

Sassaroli³

2010

LET

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The critical Jurassic event known as Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) has been the subject of several studies, but its palaeontological characterization is still problematic, and its dating is therefore debated. The rich ammonite faunas of the Mediterranean Tethys (Italy, Greece, Albania, North Africa, southern Spain, etc.) demonstrate that the OAE separates two very different assemblages, resulting from a strong post-OAE biological renewal. Faunas before the anoxic event include many taxa already present in late Pliensbachian (evolute Phylloceratida; Reynesocoeloceratinae, Protogrammoceratinae and Arieticeratinae), whereas after the anoxic event new forms radiated (Nodicoeloceratinae, Harpoceratinae and Hildoceratinae; afterwards also groups as Mercaticeratinae, Phymatoceratidae and Hammatoceratidae). As these assemblages show remarkable differences from their Northwest European equivalents, in the Apennine it is necessary to use a Mediterranean zonation, here formally established. The examined data suggest accurate boundaries for the OAE, which separates our first two Toarcian Zones, corresponding to Tenuicostatum and Serpentinum standard chronozones. Within this context, the Apennine assemblage placed immediately below the anoxic event is an endemic fauna with more than 15 ammonite genera, two of which (Secchianoceras and Petranoceras) are exclusive of the interval in question. Most abundant are Phylloceratidae (Phylloceras, Lavizzaroceras, Calaiceras and Harpophylloceras), Juraphyllitidae (Meneghiniceras) and Lytoceratidae (Lytoceras); Dactylioceratidae (Dactylioceras, Eodactylites and Secchianoceras) and Hildoceratidae are comparatively less numerous, but these latter show the largest taxonomic diversity (Fontanelliceras, Trinacrioceras, Protogrammoceras, Petranoceras, etc.). The description of this fauna improves the knowledge of a poorly understood interval immediately preceding the OAE, thus allowing better correlations in the Mediterranean area. h Ammonites, chronostratigraphy, Early Jurassic, OAE, Tethys.Massimiliano Bilotta [dotpal@unipg.it],

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Stratigraphy and geochemical anomalies of the early Toarcian oxygen-poor interval in the Umbria-Marche Apennines (Italy)

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Carbon‐isotope records of the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) oceanic anoxic event from the Valdorbia (Umbria–Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps) sections: palaeoceanographic and stratigraphic implications

Carbon‐isotope records of the Early Jurassic (Toarcian) oceanic anoxic event from the Valdorbia (Umbria–Marche Apennines) and Monte Mangart (Julian Alps) sections: palaeoceanographic and stratigraphic implications

Trace-fossil assemblages with a new ichnogenus in “spotted”

Ammonite faunas, OAE and the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary (Early Jurassic) in the Apennines

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