The Sylhet Limestone and the Kopili Formation in northeastern Bangladesh, of middle and late middle to late Eocene age, respectively, contain abundant microfossil faunas. The Sylhet Limestone, known regionally as the "Nummulitic Limestone", includes an abundant and diverse larger foraminifer assemblage, a moderately diverse smaller benthic foraminifer assemblage, and a sparse, low diversity ostracode assemblage. The Sylhet Limestone can be correlated with other middle Eocene formations on the basis of the larger foraminifers (Nummulites, Assilina, Discocyclina, and Alveolina). The Kopili Formation contains diverse larger foraminifer and smaller benthic foraminifer assemblages, a fairly diverse planktic foraminifer assemblage, and a sparse ostracode assemblage. The fauna of the Kopili Formation can be correlated with other late Eocene faunas on the basis of the larger foraminifers (Nummulites, Pellatispira) and planktic foraminifer species (Globorotalia, Hantkenina). The foraminifer assemblage has greater zoogeographic affinities with Eocene Indopacific assemblages than the ostracode assemblages; the ostracodes show affinities with Eocene Tethyan faunas from the Middle East. Microfossil assemblages of the Sylhet Limestone and Kopili Formation change in composition upsection in response to the shoaling trend that occurred in this region.