Stratospheric filamentation into the upper tropical troposphere

Scott, R. K.; Cammas, Jean‐Pierre; Mascart, Patrick; Stolle, Claudia

doi:10.1029/2001jd900049

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Furthermore, PV intrusions nearly always precede occurrences of deep convection in the tropical eastern Pacific. These PV intrusions have been shown to have a large impact on the distribution of trace constituents in the subtropical upper troposphere (e.g., Scott et al 2001;Waugh and Funatsu 2003;Waugh 2005;Cooper et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Funatsu

Waugh

2008

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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International audienceThe connections between intrusions of stratospheric air into the upper troposphere and deep convectionin the tropical eastern Pacific are examined using a combination of data analysis, potential vorticity (PV)inversion, and numerical simulations. Analysis of NCEP–NCAR reanalyses and satellite measurements ofoutgoing longwave radiation during intrusion events shows increased cloudiness, lower static stability,upward motion, and a buildup of convective available potential energy (CAPE) at the leading edge of theintruding tongue of high PV. Potential inversion inversion calculations show that the upper-level PV makesthe dominant contribution to the changes in the quantities that characterize convection. This supports thehypothesis that upper-level PV anomalies initiate and support convection by destabilizing the lower troposphereand causing upward motion ahead on the PV tongue. The dominant role of the upper-level PVis confirmed by simulations using the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR MesoscaleModel (MM5). Convection only occurs when the upper-level PV anomaly is present in the simulations, andthe relative contribution of the upper-level PV to changes in the quantities that characterize convection issimilar to that inferred from the PV inversion calculations

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Funatsu

Waugh

2008

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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“…However, studies of the intrusion of stratospheric air into the tropical and subtropical upper troposphere are few (Cammas et al, 1998;Scott et al, 2001), and the degree of stratospheric input across the subtropical tropopause is not well understood (Waugh and Polvani, 2000).…”

Section: N J Livesey Et Al: Mls Tropical Upper Tropospheric Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelated variations of O<sub>3</sub>, CO and deep convection in the tropical/subtropical upper troposphere observed by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) during 2004–2011

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The interrelated geographic and temporal variability seen in more than seven years of tropical and subtropical upper tropospheric (215 hPa) ozone, carbon monoxide and cloud ice water content (IWC) observations by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) are presented. Observed ozone abundances and their variability (geographic and temporal) agree to within 10-15 ppbv with records from sonde observations. MLS complements these (and other) observations with global coverage and simultaneous measurements of related parameters. Previously-reported phenomena such as the ozone "wave one" feature are clearly seen in the MLS observations, as is a double peak in ozone abundance over tropical East Africa, with enhanced abundances in both May to June and September to November. While repeatable seasonal cycles are seen in many regions, they are often accompanied by significant interannual variability. Ozone seasonal cycles in the southern tropics and subtropics tend to be more distinct (i.e., annually repeatable) than in the northern. By contrast, carbon monoxide shows distinct seasonal cycles in many northern subtropical regions, notably from India to the Eastern Pacific. Deep convection (as indicated by large values of IWC) is typically associated with reductions in upper tropospheric ozone. Convection over polluted regions is seen to significantly enhance upper tropospheric carbon monoxide. While some regions show statistically significant correlations among ozone, carbon monoxide and IWC, simple correlations fall well short of accounting for the observed variability. The observed interrelated variations and metrics of annual and interannual variability described here represent a new resource for validation of atmospheric chemistry models.

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“…Fujiwara et al (1998) observed O 3 enhancement in the upper troposphere at Watukosek (7.57 • S, 112.65 • E), Indonesia and indicated that the breaking of equatorial Kelvin waves around the tropopause caused O 3 transport from the stratosphere into the troposphere. Intrusions of the midlatitude UT/LS air in association with the breaking of Rossby waves around the subtropical jet stream have been suggested to cause the O 3 increase as well as decrease of humidity in the tropics (e.g., Baray et al, 2000;Scott et al, 2001;Waugh and Funatsu, 2003;Waugh, 2005). Yoneyama and Parsons (1999) found extremely dry layers in the lower and middle troposphere over the tropical western Pacific Ocean, and suggested that they originated from Rossby wave breaking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone-enhanced layers in the troposphere over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and the influence of transport of midlatitude UT/LS air

2008

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Abstract. Occurrence of ozone (O3)-enhanced layers in the troposphere over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and their seasonal variation were investigated based on ozonesonde data obtained at three Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes (SHADOZ) sites, Watukosek, American Samoa and San Cristobal, for 6 years between 1998 and 2003. O3-enhanced layers were found in about 50% of observed O3 profiles at the three sites. The formation processes of O3-enhanced layers were investigated by meteorological analyses including backward trajectories. On numerous occasions, O3-enhanced layers resulted from the transport of air masses affected by biomass burning. The contribution of this process was about 30% at San Cristobal during the periods from February to March and from August to September, while it was relatively low, about 10%, at Watukosek and Samoa. A significant number of the O3-enhanced layers were attributed to the transport of midlatitude upper-troposphere and lower-stratosphere (UT/LS) air. Meteorological analyses indicated that these layers originated from equatorward and downward transport of the midlatitude UT/LS air masses through a narrow region between high- and low-pressure systems around the subtropical jet stream. This process accounted for 50–80% at Watukosek between May and December, about 80% at Samoa on yearly average, and 40–70% at San Cristobal between November and March, indicating that it was important for O3 budget over the equatorial Pacific Ocean.

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Stratospheric filamentation into the upper tropical troposphere

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Interrelated variations of O<sub>3</sub>, CO and deep convection in the tropical/subtropical upper troposphere observed by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) during 2004–2011

Ozone-enhanced layers in the troposphere over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and the influence of transport of midlatitude UT/LS air

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Stratospheric filamentation into the upper tropical troposphere

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Connections between Potential Vorticity Intrusions and Convection in the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Interrelated variations of O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, CO and deep convection in the tropical/subtropical upper troposphere observed by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) during 2004–2011

Ozone-enhanced layers in the troposphere over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and the influence of transport of midlatitude UT/LS air

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Interrelated variations of O<sub>3</sub>, CO and deep convection in the tropical/subtropical upper troposphere observed by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) during 2004–2011