Stratospheric Nitric Oxide from Infrared Spectra

Ackerman, M.; Frimout, D.; Müller, C.; Nevejans, D.; Fontanella, J. C.; Girard, André; Louisnard, N.

doi:10.1038/245205a0

Cited by 36 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…(Fig. 2) A theoretical distribution and some examples of observed distributions of NO (22,50), NO, (21), and HNO, (83) are presented in Fig. 2 higher HNO, mixing ratios than those calculated.…”

Section: Comparison Of Theoretical and Observed Distributions Of Impomentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Upper Atmospheric Photochemistry

Crutzen¹

1974

Can. J. Chem.

153

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A review is given of the photochemical processes which determine the distribution of important minor constituents in the stratosphere and mesosphere. Although it is necessary to consider many reactions, it seems that for the first time satisfactory rate data are available for most of these processes. There is, however, a lack of knowledge about the detailed steps of the gas-phase oxidation of methane which affects theoretical results in the lower stratosphere. It is shown that rather fair agreement exists between the calculated and measured concentrations of several of the constituents. However, deviations exist concerning CH4, H2, and the NO profile which was obtained with the chemiluminescent technique.Nitrogen oxides catalyze destruction of ozone and reduce total ozone in the atmosphere considerably. The reduction of ozone by other reactions is also discussed. Some estimates are presented of the ozone reductions which could result from the operation of large fleets of supersonic aircraft due to exhaust injections of nitrogen oxides into the stratosphere.It is indicated that total ozone is rather insensitive to variations in the stratospheric water vapor content (there is a slight increase in total ozone, when the H2O content is increased). Total ozone is, however, much more sensitive to changes in the stratospheric NOx content. Variations in the stratospheric NOx content over long periods may explain those variations which have taken place in total ozone. It is essential to monitor variations in the solar output in the wavelength region 1750–2400 Å, as these may change the stratospheric NOx content and ozone production rates.The reintroduction of the ozone-destroying reaction HO2 + O3 → OH + 2O2 leads to an increase in calculated total ozone. The reason for this surprising result is given.A discussion is given of the possible role of vibrationally excited H2 and electronically excited O3 in the photochemistry of the mesosphere and thermosphere.

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Section: Comparison Of Theoretical and Observed Distributions Of Impomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…between 10 and 40 km are very important for the ozone budget of the atmosphere below 40 km. Recent determinations of prevailing mixing ratios of NO, (21) and of NO (22) For personal use only. 24).…”

Section: Catalytic Chains Of Ozone Destructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Upper Atmospheric Photochemistry

Crutzen¹

1974

Can. J. Chem.

153

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“…The NO, volume mixing ratio was assumed to be from 50 km to 30 km, decreasing to 2 x lo-' at 15 km, and then increasing to 7 x lo-' at the surface (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). This vertical profile represents an approximate average of the varied observed values.…”

Section: Computationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of Ozone Photochemistry and Dynamics in the Stratosphere. A Three-dimensional Atmospheric Model

London¹,

Park²

1974

Can. J. Chem.

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In the stratosphere the relaxation times for transport and ozone photochemistry in a n oxygen-hydrogen-nitrogen system are approximately comparable. Therefore, realistic models used to calculate ozone variations need to be based on the interaction of t h e photochemistry and dynamics in this region.The model used in the present study is the three-dimensional global circulation model developed at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The photochemical calculations for ozone are carried out as time dependent in a three-dimensional 0-H-N system.The dynamic model is started from an atmosphere initially at rest and then spun up t o a steady state circulation corresponding to mid-January. An initial observed ozone distribution is added and the model is then run through 30 simulated days. Analysis of t h e time variation of the ozone distribution shows that photochemistry dominates the ozone changes in the sub-solar middle stratosphere, and transport processes redistribute t h e ozone poleward and downward into the troposphere. Although the general pattern of ozone changes seem to be correct, the model produces too much ozone in the Southern hemisphere subtropical stratosphere and transports too much ozone into the Northern subtropical troposphere. The conlputed lower boundary flux of about 5 X 10'' cm-' s-' corresponds quite well to estimates given in the literature.Dans la stratosphtre, les temps de relaxation de transport et la photochimie de l'ozone dans un systkme oxygene-hydrogtne-azote sont approximativement comparables. P a r consequent, des modeles rtalistes utilists pour calculer les variations d e l'ozone se doivent d'Ctre basCs sur I'interaction de 121 photochimie et de la dynamique dans cette rCgion.Le modtle utilist dans 1'Ctude actuelle est le modtle tridimensionnel de circulation globale, dCveloppC au Centre National de Recherches AtmosphCriques. Les calculs photochimiques pour l'ozone sont effectuCs comme dCpendant du temps dans le systkme tri-

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“…On peut tenter de se servir de ce résultat pour esti mer dans cette gamme d'altitude la concentration du radical OH, en utilisant la relation : Le tableau II fournit les éléments de calcul de concentration de OH à diverses altitudes à partir de la relation (1). Les valeurs du rapport [N02]/[HN03] indiquées à la ligne 1 de ce tableau sont déduites directement des résultats de mesures rapportées dans ce travail pour les altitudes 12 et 15 km.…”

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Mesures simultanées du dioxyde d’azote et de l’acide nitrique dans la basse stratosphère

et al. 1977

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SOMMAIRE D es mesures simultanées du dioxyde d'azote et d'acide nitrique ont été effectuées à 15°, 45° et 65° de latitude nord. L'appareillage est constitué d'un spectromètre à grille embar qué sur avion. Dans les conditions de mesure (au coucher du soleil) le rapport [NO,]/[HNO3] est voisin de 0,1 dans la basse stratosphère. Une estimation de la concentration du radical OH a été déduite de ce rapport à partir des réactions où intervient l'acide nitrique.

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Stratospheric Nitric Oxide from Infrared Spectra

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

A Review of Upper Atmospheric Photochemistry

A Review of Upper Atmospheric Photochemistry

The Interaction of Ozone Photochemistry and Dynamics in the Stratosphere. A Three-dimensional Atmospheric Model

Mesures simultanées du dioxyde d’azote et de l’acide nitrique dans la basse stratosphère

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