Stratospheric NO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O mixing ratio profiles from high resolution infrared solar spectra using nonlinear least squares

Niple, E.; Mankin, William G.; Goldman, A.; Murcray, D. G.; Murcray, F. J.

doi:10.1029/gl007i007p00489

Cited by 54 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The month and latitude of each sounding is indicated (not given by Niple et al [1980]). The month and latitude of each sounding is indicated (not given by Niple et al [1980]).…”

Section: Observations Of Stratospheric H20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric water vapor

Ellsaesser

1983

J. Geophys. Res.

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We present a tutorial review of our understanding of stratospheric H2O and the processes controlling it. We attempt to synthesize a consistent global picture that requires rejection of a minimum of the conflicting observational data. As such, this synthesis is determined somewhat by the personal opinions and beliefs of the author. We note the paradoxes posed by currently available observational data and suggest ways they might be resolved. Resolution of the stratospheric H2O budget appears to require (1) either that the bulk of our current data provides unrepresentative and misleading latitudinal H2O gradients immediately downstream from the presumed tropical tropopause source of H2O or that there are unidentified polar stratospheric sinks for H2O; (2) that it also provides an unrepresentative vertical gradient in H2O immediately above the tropical tropopause source or that there is a stratospheric sink for H2O in this region; or (3) that there exist within the troposphere a mechanism different from or in addition to the tropical tropopause ‘cold trap’ for drying air to the mixing ratios found in the lower stratosphere. Satisfaction of conditions such as these are required to reconcile a rather large mass of puzzling observational data. Satisfaction of the third option would also permit tropospheric to stratospheric exchange through the mid‐latitude tropopause gaps, a path suggested by minima in O3 profiles.

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“…The month and latitude of each sounding is indicated (not given by Niple et al [1980]). The month and latitude of each sounding is indicated (not given by Niple et al [1980]).…”

Section: Observations Of Stratospheric H20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric water vapor

Ellsaesser

1983

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…For the other gases in the AFGL compilations, lines within 2 cm -1 of each selected wavelength were included. Concentration profiles for the absorbing gases were taken from retrievals from absorption features in this same set of spectra [Blatherwick et al, 1980;Niple et al, 1980;Goldman et al, 1980] or adopted from climatology. Absorption line features of the 02 quadrupole transitions have been identified in these stratospheric spectra [ Goldman et al,198lb], and the published 02 (low resolution) absorption coefficients [Timofeyev and Tonkov, 1978] include the unresolved pressure-broadened quadrupole line absorption along with the continuum absorption.…”

Section: For Each Frequency V (Cm -•) Of Theirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric measurements of collision‐induced absorption by molecular oxygen

Rinsland¹,

Smith²,

Seals³

et al. 1982

J. Geophys. Res.

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Collision‐induced absorption by the fundamental vibration‐rotation band of O2 has been studied in high‐resolution (0.02 cm−1) stratospheric solar absorption spectra. The data were recorded during sunset with the University of Denver balloon‐borne interferometer from a float altitude of 33 km. The O2 continuum has been identified in the 1400–1700 cm−1 region in spectra obtained at tangent altitudes below 22 km. Measurements of transmittances in narrow intervals nearly free of atmospheric line absorption are in good agreement with values calculated with the O2 absorption coefficients as compiled by Timofeyev and Tonkov (1978). Absorption by other atmospheric species (primarily from wings of strong H2O lines) contributes only a small fraction of the total absorption at the measured frequencies. The measurements indicate an upper limit of 20% for the uncertainty of the available O2 absorption coefficients at lower stratospheric temperatures (≈220 K).

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“…The onion-peeling algorithm runs layer by layer (from high to low) and compares a synthetic line by line spectrum (reduced to moderate resolution) with the C-1A measured spectrum in order to find the fit radiance by the inversion scheme of nonlinear least squares fitting (NLLS) described by Niple et al [1980]. This onion-peeling algorithm was set up using FASCOD3 to provide the synthetic comparison spectrum.…”

Section: Retrieval Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic Infrared Radiance Instrumentation for Shuttle (CIRRIS 1A) Earth limb spectral measurements, calibration, and atmospheric O₃, HNO₃, CFC‐12, and CFC‐11 profile retrieval

Bingham¹,

Zhou²,

Bartschi³

et al. 1997

J. Geophys. Res.

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Stratospheric NO₂ and H₂O mixing ratio profiles from high resolution infrared solar spectra using nonlinear least squares

Cited by 54 publications

References 9 publications

Stratospheric water vapor

Stratospheric water vapor

Stratospheric measurements of collision‐induced absorption by molecular oxygen

Cryogenic Infrared Radiance Instrumentation for Shuttle (CIRRIS 1A) Earth limb spectral measurements, calibration, and atmospheric O₃, HNO₃, CFC‐12, and CFC‐11 profile retrieval

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Stratospheric NO2 and H2O mixing ratio profiles from high resolution infrared solar spectra using nonlinear least squares

Cited by 54 publications

References 9 publications

Stratospheric water vapor

Stratospheric water vapor

Stratospheric measurements of collision‐induced absorption by molecular oxygen

Cryogenic Infrared Radiance Instrumentation for Shuttle (CIRRIS 1A) Earth limb spectral measurements, calibration, and atmospheric O3, HNO3, CFC‐12, and CFC‐11 profile retrieval

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Stratospheric NO₂ and H₂O mixing ratio profiles from high resolution infrared solar spectra using nonlinear least squares

Cryogenic Infrared Radiance Instrumentation for Shuttle (CIRRIS 1A) Earth limb spectral measurements, calibration, and atmospheric O₃, HNO₃, CFC‐12, and CFC‐11 profile retrieval