Stratospheric warming influence on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere as seen by the extended CMAM

Shepherd, M. G.; Beagley, S. R.; Fomichev, V. I.

doi:10.5194/angeo-32-589-2014

Cited by 32 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, consistent with our results, Shepherd et al [2014] also simulated the 2009 event and without the inclusion of a comprehensive model of electron impact production of NO, only fell short by about 30-35% in their calculated NO. Furthermore, our general success with the WACCM/NOGAPS model argues against the significance of an additional source of NO from higher-energy particle precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Is a high‐altitude meteorological analysis necessary to simulate thermosphere‐stratosphere coupling?

Siskind

Sassi

Randall

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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We compare simulations of mesospheric tracer descent in the winter and spring of 2009 with two versions of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM), both with specified dynamics. One is constrained with data from the Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications which extends from 0 to 50 km; the other uses the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System‐Advanced Level Physics High Altitude (NOGAPS‐ALPHA) which extends up to 92 km. By comparison with Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment data we show that constraining WACCM to NOGAPS‐ALPHA yields a dramatic improvement in the simulated descent of enhanced nitric oxide (NO) and very low methane (CH4). We suggest that constraining to NOGAPS‐ALPHA compensates for an underestimate of nonorographic gravity wave drag in WACCM. Other possibilities, such as missing energetic particle precipitation or underestimated eddy diffusion, are less likely for the Arctic winter and spring of 2009.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Is a high‐altitude meteorological analysis necessary to simulate thermosphere‐stratosphere coupling?

Siskind

Sassi

Randall

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Comparing the model simulations to the observations, we see that in the 7–10‐day period immediately preceding the SSW the contours for both model and data buckle upward indicating decreasing CO. This decrease has been noted in other works, for example, the ground‐based observations of Ryan et al () and was simulated by Shepher et al (). It also coincides temporally with the UMLT cooling that is seen immediately at the time of the stratospheric warming (e.g., Figure above, see also Siskind et al, , ).…”

Section: Effects On Zonal Mean Distribution Of Cosupporting

confidence: 79%

Simulations of the Boreal Winter Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere With Meteorological Specifications in SD‐WACCM‐X

et al. 2018

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We investigate the benefit of high‐altitude nudging in simulations of the structure and short‐term variability of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (UMLT) dynamical meteorology during boreal winter, specifically around the time of the January 2009 sudden stratospheric warming. We compare simulations using the Specified Dynamics, Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, extended version, nudged using atmospheric specifications generated by the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System, Advanced Level Physics High Altitude. Two sets of simulations are carried out: one uses nudging over a vertical domain from 0 to 90 km; the other uses nudging over a vertical domain from 0 to 50 km. The dynamical behavior is diagnosed from ensemble mean and standard deviation of winds, temperature, and zonal accelerations due to resolved and parameterized waves. We show that the dynamical behavior of the UMLT is quite different in the two experiments, with prominent differences in the structure and variability of constituent transport. We compare the results of our numerical experiments to observations of carbon monoxide by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment‐Fourier Transform Spectrometer to show that the high‐altitude nudging is capable of reproducing with high fidelity the observed variability, and traveling planetary waves are a crucial component of the dynamics. The results of this study indicate that to capture the key physical processes that affect short‐term variability (defined as the atmospheric behavior within about 10 days of a stratospheric warming) in the UMLT, specification of the atmospheric state in the stratosphere alone is not sufficient, and upper atmospheric specifications are needed.

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“…Gravity wave scheme used in the model is adopted from Hines [, ]. The model also has a comprehensive interactive neutral chemistry which is applied above 400 hPa [ de Grandpré et al ., ] and a simplified interactive ion chemistry scheme [ Beagley et al ., ; Shepherd et al ., ] applied above approximately 80 km. These chemistry schemes altogether include 49 neutral species, electrons, and 5 ions and employ 102 neutral, 27 ion, and 49 photolysis reactions.…”

Section: Model and Data Analysis Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature responses to the 11 year solar cycle in the mesosphere from the 31 year (1979–2010) extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model simulations and a comparison with the 14 year (2002–2015) TIMED/SABER observations

Gan

Fomichev

et al. 2017

JGR Space Physics

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A recent 31 year simulation (1979–2010) by extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (eCMAM30) and the 14 year (2002–2015) observation by the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere and Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emssion Radiometry (TIMED/SABER) are utilized to investigate the temperature response to the 11 year solar cycle on the mesosphere. Overall, the zonal mean responses tend to increase with height, and the amplitudes are on the order of 1–2 K/100 solar flux unit (1 sfu = 10−22 W m−2 Hz−1) below 80 km and 2–4 K/100 sfu in the mesopause region (80–100 km) from the eCMAM30, comparatively weaker than those from the SABER except in the midlatitude lower mesosphere. A pretty good consistence takes place at around 75–80 km with a response of ~1.5 K/100 sfu within 10°S/N. Also, a symmetric pattern of the responses about the equator agrees reasonably well between the two. It is noteworthy that the eCMAM30 displays an alternate structure with the upper stratospheric cooling and the lower mesospheric warming at midlatitudes of the winter hemisphere, in favor of the long‐term Rayleigh lidar observation reported by the previous studies. Through diagnosing multiple dynamical parameters, it is manifested that this localized feature is induced by the anomalous residual circulation as a consequence of the wave‐mean flow interaction during the solar maximum year.

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Stratospheric warming influence on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere as seen by the extended CMAM

Abstract: Abstract. The response of the upper mesosphere/lower thermosphere region to major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is examined employing temperature, winds, NO X and CO constituents from the extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model (CMAM) with continuous incremental nudg-

Cited by 32 publications

References 93 publications

Is a high‐altitude meteorological analysis necessary to simulate thermosphere‐stratosphere coupling?

Is a high‐altitude meteorological analysis necessary to simulate thermosphere‐stratosphere coupling?

Simulations of the Boreal Winter Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere With Meteorological Specifications in SD‐WACCM‐X

Temperature responses to the 11 year solar cycle in the mesosphere from the 31 year (1979–2010) extended Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model simulations and a comparison with the 14 year (2002–2015) TIMED/SABER observations

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