Streaming Potential Measurements with Phosphors

Edelberg, Robert; Hazel, Fred

doi:10.1149/1.2776765

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Additions of various fluxes, as well as Ag activator, resulted in powders with positive potentials. All of the streaming-potential experiments performed by various workers on phosphors have been with finished products (3)(4)(5). In all cases but one, negative potentials were obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Influence of Firing Conditions, Composition, and Screening Media on the Zeta Potentials of ZnS Phosphors as Related to Adherence to Glass Surfaces

Levy¹

1959

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Zeta potentials were determined by the streaming potential method as a function of firing conditions, flux, activator, phosphor coating, and type and concentration of screening media. The effect of these factors on adherence was determined by the jet impingement method. Positive zeta potentials were obtained in Ba (Ac)2 solutions and in H20 during all stages of phosphor preparation prior to the coating operation. Either positive or negative potentials are obtained with the finished phosphor depending on the type of coating used. Firing conditions also have been found to be important in determining the sign of the zeta potential. A general trend toward enhanced wet adherence with decreasing negative zeta potential and increasing positive zeta potential has been noted.The influence of electrolyte concentration on the zeta potentials of ZnS powders was measured with solutions of the following materials: Ba(Ac)~_, K2SiO~, Ba (Ac)~-K2SiO~ mixtures, (NH~)~Cr.~OT, polyvinyl alcohol, and mixtures of (NH,) ~Cr~.O.~ and polyvinyl alcohol.Adherence of a phosphor to a glass faceplate is one of the important factors involved in the manufacture of television tubes. The phosphor is commonly applied to the glass by either a settling (1) or slurry technique (2). Both methods involve the preparation of a phosphor suspension containing water, an electrolyte, and a bonding agent, but the nature of the electrolyte and bonding agent differs for the two methods. Different phosphors, or even the same phosphor handled in slightly different manners often have wide variations in screening properties. The concentrations of electrolyte and bonding agent also have marked effects on screen characteristics.Hazel and co-workers have demonstrated a correlation between zeta or electrokinetic potential and adherence in settled screens (3-5). They found a decrease in the magnitude of the zeta potential with increasing concentration of either Ba(Ac)2 or K~SiO3-Ba(Ac)~ mixtures. Similar results were obtained with powdered glass. In the systems in which the potential of the phosphor and glass were negative, measurements of the adherence of the phosphor to glass surfaces indicated enhanced adherence with a decrease in the magnitude of the zeta potential. The explanation offered by Hazel was that the repulsive forces between the two similarly charged surfaces were reduced, thereby giving the silicate a chance to bind the phosphor to the glass in a more compact network.The present study is an outgrowth of Hazel's work in that it attempts to discover the factors of importance in a phosphor preparation and handling that influence the electrical properties of its surface. To 1 Present address: l~adiation and Nucleonics Laboratory, Materials Engineering Departments, Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Engineering Center, East Pittsburgh, Pa. this end streaming potential experiments were performed at various stages of phosphor preparation and under a variety of conditions that might occur in screen application. Attempts were made to correlate the results with a...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Hazel and co-workers have demonstrated a correlation between zeta or electrokinetic potential and adherence in settled screens (3)(4)(5). They found a decrease in the magnitude of the zeta potential with increasing concentration of either Ba(Ac)2 or K~SiO3-Ba(Ac)~ mixtures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Firing Conditions, Composition, and Screening Media on the Zeta Potentials of ZnS Phosphors as Related to Adherence to Glass Surfaces

Levy¹

1959

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Spectrographs operated in a vacuum or inert atmosphere permit the use of sensitive spectral lines below 2000 A. (5,12). A general discussion of the determination of nonmetallic elements has been given (2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Copper by a Luminescence Activation Method

Ropp¹,

Shearer²

1961

Anal. Chem.

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“…The general procedures have been described by Sadowsky (1). Edelberg and Hazel (2) and Stericker and Hazel (3) published results of their investigations on electrical and chemical effects that take place during the settling process. These authors gave a comprehensive theory of the scientific foundations of the settling technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Settled Luminescent Screens

Pakswer¹,

Intiso²

1952

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A distinction is made in liquid settling of fluorescent particles in television tubes between "wet" adhesion, i.e., adhesion of particles during tilt, and "dry" adhesion, i.e., adhesion in the finished screen. Wet adhesion in H~.O, salt solutions, silicate solutions, and in a complete system, Ba(NO3): I silicate I H20, is discussed. An apparatus to measure dry adhesion is described and it is shown that dry adhesion increases suddenly when a definite total amount of silicate in the settling solution is reached. This amount of silicate is a function of the surface, suggesting a "mortar" action of the silica between the phosphor particles.

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Streaming Potential Measurements with Phosphors

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Influence of Firing Conditions, Composition, and Screening Media on the Zeta Potentials of ZnS Phosphors as Related to Adherence to Glass Surfaces

Influence of Firing Conditions, Composition, and Screening Media on the Zeta Potentials of ZnS Phosphors as Related to Adherence to Glass Surfaces

Estimation of Copper by a Luminescence Activation Method

Liquid Settled Luminescent Screens

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