“…With the development of modern digital technologies such as 3D imaging, CBCT, and CAD/CAM, there have been some achievements in the clinical application of 3D printed surgical guides in apical surgery, realizing the precise positioning of the root apical lesion area, the reduction of surgical trauma and the protection of adjacent tissue structure to a certain extent 6 – 8 . At present, research on digitally guided endodontic microsurgery mainly focuses on individual case reports 9 – 11 . In the current studies, there are 3 types of apical surgery assisting guides: localized bone-removing guide, fixed-depth bone-removing guide, and localized fixed-depth bone-removing guide 12 – 18 .…”