Streamlining referral decisions for childhood poisoning: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary children's hospital in Cape Town, South Africa

Balme, K; Stephen, Cindy

doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2022.10.008

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…In South Africa, several studies undertaken in multiple areas across the country have shown that poisoning from hydrocarbons, kerosene or paraffin is still the most common agent, but there is a rise in poisoning secondary to pesticides (6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa

Khan,

Solomon,

Izu

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionGlobally, childhood poisoning, accounts for a significant proportion of emergency department admissions. There is a paucity of data from low- and middle-income countries on poisoning in children.ObjectiveTo describe the incidence, case fatality rate, and types of poisoning in children admitted to a tertiary-level hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa.MethodsThis was a retrospective descriptive study of children hospitalised with poisoning from January 2016 to December 2021 at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. Children were identified from a discharge summary database using ICD-10 codes that describe poisoning. Trends in incidence of poison exposure were reported.ResultsOf the 60,901 admissions during the study period, 2,652 (4.4%) children were diagnosed with poisoning. Most (71.3%) children were less than 5 years of age and 55% were male. The incidence of poisoning per 100,000 was highest at 108.4 (95% CI: 104.3–112.6) in 2019 and decreased to 77.3 (95% CI: 73.9–80.7) in 2020 and 59.6 (95% CI: 56.3–62.5) in 2021. Main causes of poisoning were organic solvents (37.6%), medications (32.9%), and pesticides (17.5%). The overall case fatality rate was 2.1%. In a multivariate analysis, poisoning secondary to pesticides (aOR: 13.9; 95% CI: 4.52–60.8; p < 0.001), and unspecified agents (aOR: 12.7; 95% CI: 3.27–62.8; p < 0.001) were associated with an increased odds of death.ConclusionWe report a high prevalence of poisoning in children hospitalised in this tertiary-level hospital in South Africa. Public health measures to reduce the burden of organic solvents, medications and pesticide poisoning are urgently warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa

Khan,

Solomon,

Izu

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Metamfetamine/paracetamol

2023

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Identificação de agrotóxicos, popularmente conhecidos como “chumbinho”, em alimentos e bebidas relacionados a locais de crimes no Estado da Bahia

Passos,

Farias,

Teixeira

2023

Rev. Bras. Crimin.

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O chumbinho é um agrotóxico sólido granular de coloração que varia entre o cinza-escuro e o grafite, proibido desde 2012 pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Os dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Ministério da Saúde demonstraram, entre os anos de 2016 a 2018, que a intoxicação por chumbinho é considerada uma importante causa de mortalidade no Estado da Bahia, com frequência de relatos em suicídios e homicídios, devido ao fácil acesso, baixo custo e eficácia, ocasionando um grave problema de saúde pública. O trabalho pretende relatar a frequência de uso do chumbinho em crimes por meio dos laudos emitidos pelo Laboratório Central de Polícia Técnica da Bahia. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo no período de janeiro de 2016 a dezembro de 2018, com base nos laudos concluídos, cadastrados no Sistema Integrado de Administração de Perícias e positivos para agrotóxicos adicionados em alimentos e bebidas. O trabalho foi submetido à apreciação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade do Estado da Bahia, aprovado conforme Parecer n.º 4.428.002. Foram analisados 148 laudos correspondentes a suspeitas de intoxicação decorrente de substâncias nocivas em geral. O organofosforado Terbufós registrou a maior frequência nos laudos (n=28; 40%), seguido dos carbamatos: carbofurano (n=21; 30%), com registro cancelado no país; aldicarbe (n=8; 11,43%) e metomil (n=3; 4,29%). A alta incidência de intoxicação grave sugere estratégias preventivas em relação à utilização desses agrotóxicos, objetivando restringir o acesso indiscriminado a esses potentes agentes tóxicos.

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Streamlining referral decisions for childhood poisoning: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary children's hospital in Cape Town, South Africa

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa

The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa

Metamfetamine/paracetamol

Identificação de agrotóxicos, popularmente conhecidos como “chumbinho”, em alimentos e bebidas relacionados a locais de crimes no Estado da Bahia

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