Strength Characteristics of Controlled Low-Strength Materials with Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) for Prevention of Sewage Pipe Damage

Park, Jeong-Jun; Hong, Gigwon

doi:10.3390/ma13194238

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It was found that CLSM with WPSA performed better as backfill and was more stable than soil immediately after construction. The results of this study confirm that CLSM with WPSA can be utilized as sewage-pipe backfill material [ 39 ].…”

Section: Description Of the Articles Presented In The Issuesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In the study by [ 39 ], the effects of the mixing conditions of waste-paper sludge ash (WPSA) on the strength and bearing capacity of controlled low-strength material (CLSM) were evaluated, and the optimal mixing conditions were used to evaluate the strength characteristics of CLSM with recyclable WPSA. The strength and bearing capacity of CLSM with WPSA were evaluated using unconfined compressive strength tests and plate bearing tests, respectively.…”

Section: Description Of the Articles Presented In The Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing of Materials and Elements in Civil Engineering

Schabowicz

2021

Materials

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This issue is proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of testing of materials in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this issue should relate to different aspects of testing of different materials in civil engineering, from building materials and elements to building structures. The current trend in the development of materials testing in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in elements and structures using destructive, semi-destructive, and nondestructive testing. The trend, as in medicine, is toward designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Very interesting results with significance for building practices of testing of materials and elements in civil engineering were obtained.

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Section: Description Of the Articles Presented In The Issuesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Description Of the Articles Presented In The Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Testing of Materials and Elements in Civil Engineering

Schabowicz

2021

Materials

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“…Moreover, because incineration ash usually exhibits pozzolanic activity, other types of incineration ash have also been applied as SCMs for CLSM production. These include incineration sludge ash, such as waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) [16], incineration sludge ash [17], and mixed incineration sludge ash [18]; garbage incineration ash, such as domestic waste incinerator bottom ash [19] and industrial waste incineration bottom ash [20]; and biomass incineration ash, such as wood ash [21], corn straw ash [22,23], rice straw ash [24] and bagasse ash [25]. Among the metallurgical industrial by-products, blast-furnace slag is often used as an SCM for CLSM production, due to its high hydration activity.…”

Section: Clsm Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Controlled Low-Strength Materials: Metallurgical Waste Slag as Cementitious Materials

Liu

et al. 2022

Materials

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Increasing global cement and steel consumption means that a significant amount of greenhouse gases and metallurgical wastes are discharged every year. Using metallurgical waste as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) shows promise as a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by reducing cement production. This strategy also contributes to the utilization and management of waste resources. Controlled low-strength materials (CLSMs) are a type of backfill material consisting of industrial by-products that do not meet specification requirements. The preparation of CLSMs using metallurgical waste slag as the auxiliary cementing material instead of cement itself is a key feature of the sustainable development of the construction industry. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research progress on the use of metallurgical waste residues (including blast furnace slag, steel slag, red mud, and copper slag) as SCMs to partially replace cement, as well as the use of alkali-activated metallurgical waste residues as cementitious materials to completely replace cement for the production of CLSMs. The general background information, mechanical features, and properties of pozzolanic metallurgical slag are introduced, and the relationship and mechanism of metallurgical slag on the performance and mechanical properties of CLSMs are analyzed. The analysis and observations in this article offer a new resource for SCM development, describe a basis for using metallurgical waste slag as a cementitious material for CLSM preparation, and offer a strategy for reducing the environmental problems associated with the treatment of metallurgical waste.

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“…They suggested that expanding the use of unqualified raw materials and man-made waste as secondary raw materials could be one of the most important directions for creating a waste-free process to ensure the most reasonable use of natural resources and reduce the negative impact on environmental conditions. Park and Hong [30] analyzed the influence of the mixing conditions of wastepaper sludge ash (WPSA) on the strength and bearing capacity of controlled low-strength materials (CLSM). The results showed that CLSM and WPSA could be used as backfill materials for sewage pipes, which could ensure higher stability compared with soil backfill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Taguchi Method for Optimizing the Process Parameters of Producing Controlled Low-Strength Materials by Using Dimension Stone Sludge and Lightweight Aggregates

2021

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In view of the increasing concerns over non-renewable resource depletion and waste management, this paper studied the development of low-density controlled low-strength material (CLSM) by using stone sludge and lightweight aggregates. First, the investigation was performed at a laboratory scale to assess the effects of the composition on the properties of the resulting low-density CLSM. The Taguchi method with an L9(34) orthogonal array and four controllable three-level factors (i.e., the stone sludge dosage, water to binder ratio, accelerator dosage and lightweight aggregate dosage) was adopted. Then, to optimize the selected parameters, the analysis of variance method was used to explore the effects of the experimental factors on the performance (fresh and hardened properties) of the produced low-density CLSM. The test results show that when the percentage of stone sludge usage was increased from 30% to 60%, the initial setting time approximately doubled on average. Moreover, at the age of 28 days, the compressive strength of most specimens did not exceed the upper limit of 8.83 MPa stipulated by Taiwan’s Public Construction Commission. Further, the material cost per cubic meter of the produced CLSM was about NT$ 720.9 lower than that of the ordinary CLSM, which could reduce the cost by 40.6%. These results indicate that the use of stone sludge as a raw material to produce CLSM could achieve environmental sustainability. In other words, the use of stone sludge and lightweight aggregates to produce low-density CLSM was extremely feasible.

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Strength Characteristics of Controlled Low-Strength Materials with Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) for Prevention of Sewage Pipe Damage

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Testing of Materials and Elements in Civil Engineering

Testing of Materials and Elements in Civil Engineering

Research Progress on Controlled Low-Strength Materials: Metallurgical Waste Slag as Cementitious Materials

Application of the Taguchi Method for Optimizing the Process Parameters of Producing Controlled Low-Strength Materials by Using Dimension Stone Sludge and Lightweight Aggregates

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