Strength prediction and mix design procedures for geopolymer and alkali-activated cement mortars comprising a wide range of environmentally responsible binder systems

Oakes, Luke; Magee, Bryan; McIlhagger, Alistair; McCartney, Mark

doi:10.1080/24705314.2019.1622189

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Metakaolin produced by calcination of kaolinite was employed as the aluminosilicate source. Mix design methods for geopolymer or alkali-activated admixtures or concretes have been reported (Adbollahnejad et al, 2015;Phoo-ngernkham et al, 2018;Bellum et al, 2019;Ning et al, 2019;). De Silva et al (2007) treated the initial composition of the geopolymer in a phase equilibrium diagram in molar concentration of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and Na 2 O.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Silva et al (2007) treated the initial composition of the geopolymer in a phase equilibrium diagram in molar concentration of Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , and Na 2 O. Oakes et al (2019) reported a mix design for the composition of aluminosilicate sources for alkali-activation, but the approach presented herein is not reported to the best of our knowledge.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mix design formulation range for metakaolin-based geopolymer synthesis

Oliveira

Lameiras

2022

REM, Int. Eng. J.

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This article presents a range of mix design formulations to obtain metakaolinbased geopolymer synthesis. Geopolymer samples were synthesized from metakaolin, a 10 M sodium hydroxide solution, and alkaline sodium silicate. These three components were mixed in different proportions to form a paste which was molded in a cylindrical shape, set at room temperature for 24 hours, and demolded. The workability of the paste, the integrity of the samples, development of efflorescence, and the presence of undissolved metakaolin particles in the microstructure of the geopolymer matrix were observed. Since sodium and water play a vital role in the geopolymerization and were added at fixed proportions, a mix design was employed based on the molar proportions of aluminum, silicon, and sodium plus water. The simplex design plot was able to separate the regions of a mix of the components that showed different behaviors according to the observed responses. The dissolution of metakaolin, condensation of orthosialate and silicate species, which are expected to interact with each other according to the model of geopolymerization of Davidovits, can explain the observed results. "Good results" (no release of white powder, no efflorescence, no shrinkage, and no cracks) after 28 days of curing at room conditions were observed for the molar proportions 0.097 < Al < 0.112, 0.120 < Si < 0.178, and 0.711 < Na+H 2 O < 0.775 (Na/H 2 O = 0.185).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mix design formulation range for metakaolin-based geopolymer synthesis

Oliveira

Lameiras

2022

REM, Int. Eng. J.

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“…Therefore, the researchers have focused on to develop a new type binder material as eco‐friendly. Davidovits has proposed an alternative binder material and has named the geopolymer in 1979 4,11–15 . Geopolymer concrete is express as highly sustainable and environmental friendly materials since it can be manufactured from waste materials such as silica fume, fly ash, blast‐furnace slag, and so forth 16–23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metakaolin‐based geopolymer concretes for nuclear protection: On the perspective of physicochemical, durability, and microstructure

Bayrak

Kaplan

Öz

et al. 2023

Structural Concrete

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As a striking contribution of metakaolin to geopolymer concretes, the varying contents of metakaolin with quartz powder are included the mixtures with ground granulated blast furnace slag, and quartz sand to observe the mechanical, physical, transport, microstructure, and nuclear protection parameters of the samples, within this study. The geopolymer concrete samples are tested for the mechanical transport and physical properties depending on the curing time, curing temperature, and the raw/by‐product material type. The results show that the samples containing the most metakaolin performed well with a 24‐h compressive strength of 131.78 MPa. Increasing the curing temperature and curing time affected both mechanical, physical and transport properties. In addition, the microstructure of the samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the effect of increasing metakaolin reinforcement on the nuclear protection capacity of the produced geopolymer concretes with experimental gamma transmission and neutron dose measurements was investigated. The M3 sample with high content of both metakaolin and granulated blast‐furnace slag showed the highest resistance to gamma photons in the energy range of 0.081–0.383 MeV. The produced geopolymer samples absorbed almost 40% of the fast neutrons with 4.5 MeV energy. Neutron removal cross sections of the produced geopolymer concretes are in the range of 0.0952–0.0949 cm−1 and are larger than those of B4C, graphite, and boric acid. The findings of this study revealed that the addition of metakaolin improved the mechanical, nuclear shielding and structural properties of geopolymer concretes.

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“…Beside the environmental problems of cement, the number and the magnitude of natural and manmade disasters have increased due to environmental, social, and political problems. Therefore, high performance and material sustainability are becoming important in research on construction materials [2]. Highly-ductile fiber-reinforced cementless composite is a promising construction material due to its high tensile performance and material sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Fiber-Bridging Behavior of Slag-Based Composite with High Tensile Ductility

2020

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This paper presents an experimental and analytical investigation of the fundamental mechanism of the highly ductile behavior of strain-hardening slag-based composite reinforced by polyethylene fibers. Composite properties, including compressive strength and tensile behavior of the composite, were identified. Micromechanical characteristics, including matrix fracture toughness and interfacial properties between matrix and fiber, were investigated and the fiber-bridging behavior of the composite was simulated. The tensile behavior of the composite was evaluated by micromechanical analysis. Test results showed that the composite had extremely high tensile ductility of up to 7.5% and high tensile strength of 8.5 MPa, along with a moderate compressive strength of 36.8 MPa. Saturated cracking patterns with controlled crack width of 59.8 μm were also observed in the composite. Considering the variation of matrix properties and fiber distribution, the theoretical fiber-bridging curve simulated the tensile behavior of the composite well, and the micromechanical analysis results supported the tensile behavior of the composite.

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Strength prediction and mix design procedures for geopolymer and alkali-activated cement mortars comprising a wide range of environmentally responsible binder systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Mix design formulation range for metakaolin-based geopolymer synthesis

Mix design formulation range for metakaolin-based geopolymer synthesis

Metakaolin‐based geopolymer concretes for nuclear protection: On the perspective of physicochemical, durability, and microstructure

Mechanical and Fiber-Bridging Behavior of Slag-Based Composite with High Tensile Ductility

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