Strength training increases resting metabolic rate and norepinephrine levels in healthy 50- to 65-yr-old men

Pratley, Richard E.; Nicklas, Barbara; Rubin, Michele; Miller, June L.; Smith, Ana Maria; Smith, M. A.; Hurley, Ben F.; Goldberg, A. P.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1994.76.1.133

Cited by 251 publications

(202 citation statements)

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“…Resistance training is a powerful stimulator of sympathetic nervous system activity, which may intensify vasoconstriction through a sympathetic adrenergic vasoconstrictor effect. 27,28 Sympathetic nervous activity during ECC muscle activity has been shown to be lower than that during CON muscle activity. 29 Although sympathetic nervous activity was not measured in this study, it may have contributed to the increased arterial stiffness, because low muscle sympathetic nerve activity caused by ERT suppresses the vascular smooth muscle tension level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

2008

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Muscle contractions in normal resistance training are performed by eccentric (ECC, lowering phase) and concentric (CON, lifting phase) muscle contractions. However, the difference in effects of timing of muscle contraction during resistance training on arterial stiffness is unknown. This study investigated the effect of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function in healthy young adults. Thirty healthy men were randomly assigned to group of resistance training with quick lifting and slow lowering (ERT, n ¼ 10), group of resistance training with slow lifting and quick lowering (CRT, n ¼ 10) and sedentary groups (SED, n ¼ 10). The ERT and CRT groups underwent two supervised resistance-training sessions per week for 10 weeks. The ERT group performed the on set of 8-10 repetitions with 3 s ECC and 1 s CON muscle contractions. In contrast, the CRT group performed the on set of 8-10 repetitions with 1 s ECC and 3 s CON muscle contractions. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) after ERT did not change from baseline. In contrast, baPWV after CRT increased from baseline (from 1049 ± 37 to 1153±30 cm s À1 , Po0.05). No significant changes in flow-mediated dilation were observed in the ERT and CRT groups. These values did not change in the SED group. These findings suggest that although both training does not deteriorate a vascular endothelial function, resistance training with quick lifting and slow lowering (that is, ERT) prevent the stiffening of arterial stiffness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

2008

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“…Studies suggest an increase of 6.8 to 7.7% in the resting energy expenditure after 12 to 16 weeks of weight training in adults and older individuals (27)(28) . Ballor and Poehlman (29) observed in meta-analysis that the resting energy expenditure seems to be proportional to the metabolic active tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the explanations for the increase in the total and resting energy expenditure can also be related, besides the muscular mass increase, to the exercise intensity, to the increase in the metabolic activity of the lean tissue as well as to the increase in the basal concentrations of noradrenaline (23,27) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolismo de repouso de mulheres pós-menopausadas submetidas a programa de treinamento com pesos (hipertrofia)

Trevisan

Burini

2007

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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The study had as objective to evaluate the resting energy expenditure (REE) of post-menopause women submitted to a training program with weights. Thirty women, age between 45 and 70 years (FSH > 40 mIUmL), separated in two groups (TG: training n = 15 and CG: control n = 15) were studied. The body mass index (kg/m 2 ) was calculated and the body fat percentage and the muscular mass were determined through bioelectric impedance (BIA). The REE was obtained through indirect calorimetry (respiratory O 2 and CO 2 ) and calculated by the Weir equation. The measurement occurred after 12 hours of fasting, during 30 minutes under controlled temperature and humidity. The TG participated of the training program with weights during 16 weeks, in the frequency of three times per week. The analyzed data by the t-Student, MannWhitney and ANOVA tests (p < 0.05) demonstrated that the TG had body mass increased in the 1.8 kg mean, muscular mass in 2.0 kg and the REE presented increase of 8.4% in relation to the CG. In conclusion, the training with weights increased muscular mass and REE. Therefore, this kind of exercise is recommended part of strategy to revert muscular and metabolic losses derived from aging and/ or menopause.

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“…Whether endurance training influences resting metabolic rate after adjustment for body composition is still controversial. Some studies have shown an increase in resting metabolic rate, adjusted for fat-free mass and fat mass, in response to training [7][8][9] whereas others found no effect. [10][11][12] In contrast to these studies, not much research has been focused on establishing the most beneficial exercise intensity for increasing 24 h energy expenditure 24 h EE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate oxidation differences between high- and low-intensity exercise are compensated over 24 hours in obese men

Saris

Schrauwen

2004

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: Exercise has been proposed as a tool for the prevention of obesity. Apart from an effect on energy expenditure, in particular low-intensity (LI) exercise might also influence substrate metabolism in favour of fat oxidation. It is however unclear what is the most beneficial exercise regime for obese people. We therefore studied the effect of either high-intensity (HI) or LI exercise on 24 h energy expenditure (24 h EE) and substrate metabolism. METHODS: Eight healthy obese male volunteers (age: 3871 y, BMI: 3171 kg/m 2 , W max : 235716 W) stayed in the respiration chamber for two nights and the day in-between. In the chamber they cycled either at a HI (three times 30 min in a interval protocol (2.5 min 80/50% W max )) or LI (three times 60 min continuously at 38% W max ) protocol with an equicaloric energy expenditure. In the chamber subjects were fed in energy balance (37/48/15% of energy as fat/carbohydrate/protein). RESULTS: The 24 h EE was not significantly different between protocols. In both protocols, sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) was elevated after the exercise (average þ 6.7%). The 24 h respiratory quotient (24 h RQ) was not different between protocols. During exercise, RQ was higher in the HI compared to the LI protocol (0.93 vs 0.91 resp., Po0.05), whereas in the postexercise period RQ tended to be lower in the HI compared to the LI protocol (P ¼ 0.06). CONCLUSION: 24 h EE is not differently affected by HI or LI exercise in obese men. Similarly, the differences in HI and LI exercise, RQ are compensated postexercise leading to similar substrate oxidation patterns over 24 h independently of the level of exercise intensity.

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Strength training increases resting metabolic rate and norepinephrine levels in healthy 50- to 65-yr-old men

Cited by 251 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

Metabolismo de repouso de mulheres pós-menopausadas submetidas a programa de treinamento com pesos (hipertrofia)

Substrate oxidation differences between high- and low-intensity exercise are compensated over 24 hours in obese men

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