Strengthening of composite T-joints using Ø 0.11 mm Z-pins via an ultrasound-guided insertion process

Fei, Shaohua; Wang, Weiwei; Ding, Huiming; Wang, Haijin; Li, Jiangxiong; Ke, Yinglin

doi:10.1016/j.jcomc.2022.100268

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Another method to improve the joint performance explored in the literature is by enhancing the transverse properties of the composite adherend and the overlap area via transverse reinforcements: Z-pin, 88–93 stitching, 94–96 micro 97 and nano-fillers. 98 One of the main improvements reported by these techniques is an increase in delamination resistance of the adherends provided by the through-the-thickness direction reinforcement.…”

Section: Methods To Increase the Mechanical Performance Of Natural Fi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to increase the mechanical performance of composite adhesive joints: An overview with focus on joints with natural fibre composite adherends

Queiroz

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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This paper presents an overview of the recent developments in the main methods used to increase the mechanical performance of composite adhesive joints with focus on joints with natural fibre reinforced composite (NFRC) adherends. First, the main factors that affect the performance of composite adhesive joints were briefly discussed. Further, the main methods used to increase the mechanical performance of natural fibre-reinforced composite adhesive joints are presented. Since, the literature regarding these methods applied to NFRC adherends is relatively scarce, in addition, promising techniques applied to synthetic fibre-reinforced composite joints, which behave in a similar manner and whose results can be extrapolated with a great deal of confidence to NFRCs are also briefly discussed. Finally, some conclusions and an outlook on critical challenges and future perspectives are summarized. The application of sustainable green composites may further increase in many structural and non-structural applications if their joining behaviour is well-known and established.

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Section: Methods To Increase the Mechanical Performance Of Natural Fi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to increase the mechanical performance of composite adhesive joints: An overview with focus on joints with natural fibre composite adherends

Queiroz

2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…According to the analysis in Section 3, the deflection Angle β changes Angles φ and θ while not contributing to the critical buckling Equation (11). In other words, the theory predicts that a small angular off-axis does not affect the buckling performance of the Z-pin.…”

Section: Influence Of Off-axis Anglementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the analysis in Section 3.1 $ Section 3.3, bending stiffness D and shear stiffness C are the real causes of the buckling behavior of Z-pin under axial compression. The corresponding relationship between them and buckling load F cr is determined by Equation (11). Among them, D is determined by Equation ( 6) for tensile modulus E t and compression modulus E c , the integration region in Equation ( 6) is determined by Equation ( 5), C is determined by Equation (C10) for shear modulus G 12 .…”

Section: Actual Bending Modulus Due To Axial Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When E t and E c are unknown, D is defined by the first solution of Equation (11) in the first quadrant. Equation ( 11) is a transcendental equation without an explicit analytic solution, which is further simplified in Appendix F. When G 12 and the size of Z-pin (length L and diameter d) are known, the conversion relationship between F cr and E f is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Actual Bending Modulus Due To Axial Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the insertion resistance exceeds the buckling load, the pin will buckle and lead to failure of insertion. 10 Without changing the laminate placement process, the problem is generally solved by heating prepreg or ultrasonic-assisting methods to reduce the insertion resistance 11,12 or fixing the pin through the foam to improve the buckling load. 13 These methods regulate the relationship between insertion resistance and buckling load from the process level but avoid the discussion of material properties, which could not guide the improvement and prediction of the insertable property of pins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of anisotropy and off‐axis angle on buckling behavior of carbon/epoxy Z‐pin under axial pressure

Lin,

Song,

Wang

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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The axial buckling load of single carbon fiber or composite strands is typically predicted using Euler's formula, developed for isotropic materials. This study introduces anisotropy in a mechanical carbon/epoxy Z‐pin model under axial pressure. It examines the influence of compressive modulus, shear modulus, off‐axis angle, and aspect ratio on its buckling behavior. Results show that the axial instability performance of the Z‐pin decreases with lower compression, shear modulus, and aspect ratio while keeping the tensile modulus fixed. Anisotropy decreases buckling load by up to 14% compared with Euler's formula, which only considers tensile modulus. Additionally, the impact of the deflection Angle between the pressure and pin‐axis can be ignored when it is less than 3°.Highlights Euler formula overestimates composite Z‐pin buckling force under axial pressure. Anisotropy decreases buckling load by up to 14% for carbon/epoxy. Shear modulus is more influential on Z‐pin with a small aspect ratio. For off‐axial compression angles <3°, influence can be ignored.

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Aminated carbon nanotube enhanced composite T‐joints mediating CFRP load‐bearing capacity improvement

Bai,

Yan,

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Adhesive bond is the weakest part of carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP) force‐bearing structure. Therefore, enhancing the strength of the adhesive bond is key to improve force‐bearing structure. In this study, adhesive strength of the common CFRP T‐joint was enhanced by aminated carbon nanotubes (CNT). To begin with, shear tensile strength of single‐lap‐joint laminated composites with various CNT content was verified, which peaked at 0.5 wt%. It was indicated that the adhesive bond of deltoid is the weakest area in a T‐joint. CNT was applied in the deltoid of composite T‐joint and pull‐off test was conducted to investigate the progress from the initiation and evolution of damage as well as the final failure. The aminated CNT employed in this study formed an effective load transmission through physical engagement and chemical bonding; the addition of 0.5 wt% CNT effectively enhanced tensile strength and toughness, improving mechanical property of the adhesive bond. This study provides a solution to enhance the adhesive area of CFRP load‐bearing structure with CNT, consequently improve the load‐bearing strength of composite.Highlights Aminated CNT is substantially improve the adhesive strength of CFRP T‐joint. Tensile strength and toughness of T‐joint deltoid was optimized by 0.5 wt% CNT. Effective load transmission through physical engagement and chemical bonding.

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Strengthening of composite T-joints using Ø 0.11 mm Z-pins via an ultrasound-guided insertion process

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Methods to increase the mechanical performance of composite adhesive joints: An overview with focus on joints with natural fibre composite adherends

Methods to increase the mechanical performance of composite adhesive joints: An overview with focus on joints with natural fibre composite adherends

Effects of anisotropy and off‐axis angle on buckling behavior of carbon/epoxy Z‐pin under axial pressure

Aminated carbon nanotube enhanced composite T‐joints mediating CFRP load‐bearing capacity improvement

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