Strengthening Social Ties to Increase Confidence and Self-Esteem Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth

Romijnders, Kim A G J; Wilkerson, J. Michael; Crutzen, Rik; Kok, Gerjo; Bauldry, Jessica; Lawler, Sylvia M

doi:10.1177/1524839917690335

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An example of increasing the confidence and self-esteem is by a group intervention focusing on education and social support. This enlarges a supportive social network and thereby has a positive influence on the self-worth (Romijnders et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-perception of transgender clinic referred gender diverse children and adolescents

Alberse

Vries

Elzinga

et al. 2019

Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry

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Transgender children and adolescents show high rates of co-occurring psychopathology, which might be related to low self-confidence. Earlier research showed that compared to the norm population, transgender clinic–referred children have lower self-perception on two domains: physical appearance and global self-worth. This study aimed to compare self-perception in a sample of transgender clinic–referred children and adolescents with their standardization samples and to examine differences between these two groups. To measure self-esteem, the Self-Perception Profile for Children was administered to 305 referred children (162 assigned males at birth (AMABs) and 143 assigned females at birth (AFABs), mean age = 9.05 ( SD , 1.47), range = 5.9–13.00 years), and the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents was administered to 369 referred adolescents (118 AMABs and 251 AFABs, mean age = 15.27 ( SD , 1.80), range = 10.73–18.03 years). To measure the severity of gender dysphoria, the parents of the children completed the Gender Identity Questionnaire and the adolescents completed the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale. Referred children and adolescents had a significantly lower self-concept compared to the normative population, whereby referred adolescents felt less competent compared to referred children. Compared to their peers, childhood referred AFABs perceived themselves even better on scholastic and athletic competence and social acceptance. With regard to gender differences, referred AFABs generally showed a better self-perception compared to referred AMABs. The lower self-perception of transgender clinic–referred children and adolescents compared to same age peers deserves clinical attention and interventions aimed at, for example, improving social and physical self-worth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-perception of transgender clinic referred gender diverse children and adolescents

Alberse

Vries

Elzinga

et al. 2019

Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry

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“…Consistent with this theoretical framework, a general lack of knowledge about the development of gender identity may be a contributing factor to societal stigma of gender minorities (Grant et al 2011;Institute of Medicine 2011;McKay 2011;Reisner et al 2016). In contrast, gender affirmation, family acceptance, and community support have been associated with better health outcomes among gender minority populations, including transgender youth (Bockting et al 2016;Durwood et al 2017;Hatzenbuehler and Pachankis 2016;Nuttbrock et al 2002;Romijnders et al 2017;Wesp and Deutsch 2017).…”

Section: Confronting Stigma-related Health Disparities Through Communmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Contributions to Gender Identity and Gender Diversity: Bringing Data to the Table

et al. 2018

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The American Psychological Association defines gender identity as, "A person's deeply-felt, inherent sense of being a boy, a man, or a male; a girl, a woman, or a female; or an alternative gender (e.g., genderqueer, gender nonconforming, gender neutral) that may or may not correspond to a person's sex assigned at birth or to a person's primary or secondary sex characteristics" (American Psychological Association, Am Psychol 70(9):832-864, 2015). Here we review the evidence that gender identity and related socially defined gender constructs are influenced in part by innate factors including genes. Based on the data reviewed, we hypothesize that gender identity is a multifactorial complex trait with a heritable polygenic component. We argue that increasing the awareness of the biological diversity underlying gender identity development is relevant to all domains of social, medical, and neuroscience research and foundational for reducing health disparities and promoting human-rights protections for gender minorities.

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“…A majority (n = 36) of the 43 reported interventions designed to address sexual minority people's mental health were conducted in North America, [43][44][45][46][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]66,67,[69][70][71][72][73][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82]85 3 in Europe, 47,65,84 and 1 each in Australia, 74 China, 83 New Zealand, 68 and South Africa. 64 The study designs ranged from 21 (48.84%) studies 45,53,54,56,57,59,61,…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sexual minority sample sizes were between 7 and 762. In addition to LGB participants, some studies included participants who self-identified as asexual, 80 queer 53,59,60,66,67,70,73,75,79 pansexual, 59,66,70,80 or questioning. 60,70,73,79,81 Result of intersectionality coding Thirteen (30.2%) studies 53,55,57,[59][60][61][64][65][66][67]69,72,75 were coded as low intersectionality because participants in these interventions were presented as homogenous sexual minority groups.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Intersectional Are Mental Health Interventions for Sexual Minority People? A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Purpose: Complex and widespread stigma exposes sexual minority people to disproportionate risks for adverse mental health. Intersectionality theory calls for consideration of the unique experiences of living with multiple forms of inequality. Yet, concerns remain regarding the extent to which intersectionality theory has been integrated into mental health interventions for sexual minority populations. This systematic review aims to assess the degree to which available mental health interventions account for intersecting forms of marginalization and to identify methods that facilitate the application of intersectionality. Methods: A search for peer-reviewed English language journal articles was conducted using PsycINFO and PubMed to locate reports of mental health interventions for sexual minority groups. A coding framework was designed to evaluate how interventions incorporated intersectionality theory. Results: Of 1877 potentially eligible articles, forty-three were included in the analysis. They were each classified as low, medium, or high with regard to intersectionality. Thirteen (30.2%) were rated as low on intersectionality for only recruiting a homogeneous group of participants in the interventions; 23 (53.4%) were classified as medium for including additional identities in recruitment without responding to possible intersectional disadvantages; 7 (16.3%) were rated as high with adequate consideration of the complex effects of intersecting positions. In addition, the review identified community-based participatory research as a common and instrumental method to ensure intersectionality. Conclusions: This review highlights the limitations of interventions for sexual minority people in addressing intersectionality. Guidelines are needed for clinical practice and evaluation to adequately incorporate intersectionality theory.

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Strengthening Social Ties to Increase Confidence and Self-Esteem Among Sexual and Gender Minority Youth

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Self-perception of transgender clinic referred gender diverse children and adolescents

Self-perception of transgender clinic referred gender diverse children and adolescents

The Biological Contributions to Gender Identity and Gender Diversity: Bringing Data to the Table

How Intersectional Are Mental Health Interventions for Sexual Minority People? A Systematic Review

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