Strengthening the climate action movement: 
strategies from histories

Correlates of Levels of Willingness to Engage in Climate Change Actions in the United States

“…Increasing the diversity of participants in climate change organizations may also enhance diversity in advocacy tactics, as different individuals and organizations may have different forms of campaigns. Greater diversity also reduces the ability of oppositional groups to isolate climate action activists and label them as extremists [35,36]. In an analysis of a failed cap-and-trade bill in the US congress, Skocpol (2013) suggests that environmental organizations should have focused less on mobilizing support within their organizations that have similar types of members, and instead working with more diverse groups such as business sectors to secure a deal [37].…”

Politicizing environmental governance – A case study of heterogeneous alliances and juridical struggles around the Ojnare Forest, Sweden

“…A striking aspect of the Ojnare resistance is the diversity of its constituent parts and how loosely they held together. Rather than taking the form of a coherent organization with a definite political agenda -the inclusion of a neglected social group in the political system -and an identifiable leadership, it consisted of loosely connected, diverse groups of actors temporally united by an instrumental goal (see also Delina et al, 2014;de Rosa and Caggiano, 2015). It cannot be construed as a struggle of the oppressed against the powerful, or as the reaction of actors to a change in structural conditions that deprive them of material rights (see Melucci, 1989).…”

“…This diversification plays out on three interrelated levels. First, resistances have become increasingly heterogeneous in their makeup, being constituted by groups of actors highly different from each other as regards values, social class, ideological orientation, and political affiliation (see also Dahlin and Fredriksson, 2017;Delina et al, 2014;Diani and Rambaldo, 2007;Hardt and Negri 2004;Saunders, 2008). Secondly, the strategies employed by these resistances have become more diverse, ranging from the very local (e.g.…”

“…However, this was not simply a case of the grassroots gaining legitimacy by framing their resistance in terms of arguments sanctioned by state agencies, but rather a dynamic cross-fertilization within a heterogeneous constellation of actors (see also Delina et al, 2014;de Rosa and Caggiano, 2015;Neville and Weinthal, 2016). At the peak of the controversy during the summer of 2012, when Nordkalk's logging entrepreneur was physically stopped by protesters chaining themselves to machines, the SEPA and SwAM, having appealed the legal approval of the project, upped the frequency of their public statements of opposition.…”

Can Energy Democracy Thrive in a Non-democracy?

“…Energy transitions, therefore, are not ordinary shifts in technologies; they are also strongly glued to the orderings of human societies, economies, and polities (Jasanoff, 2004). The expansion of community-oriented energy systems as manifest in strategic alliances or networks made their evolution similar to what had been observed amongst social movements, which had also strengthened sociopolitical power for regime change via rhizomatic arrangements (Tarrow, 1998;Delina et al, 2014;Delina and Diesendorf, 2016).…”