Strengthening the Key Features of Volumizing Fillers: Projection Capacity and Long-Term Persistence

Abstract

Volumizing fillers aim to create or restore facial volume in fat layers. To provide strong tissue lifting and long-term persistence, gels are generally designed with stiff properties, characterized by a high storage modulus (G′). However, clinical evidence shows a discrepancy between high G′ and good lifting capacities, especially after skin tension has been exerted on the gel. To better explore the in vivo behavior of a gel, we first evaluated the elastic moduli of five commercial volumizers (RHA4, JUVVOL, RESVOL, RESLYFT, and BELVOL) in dynamic compression mode, E′. We further developed a Projection Index score based on the rheological assessment of creep in compression to mimic skin tension-induced stress relaxation (flattening). Finally, the ability of a gel to resist enzymatic degradation was analyzed with a multidose approach. Despite similar clinical indications, volumizers exhibited distinct behaviors. RHA4 and BELVOL showed the highest E′ values (resistance to strain), RHA4, JUVVOL, and RESVOL exhibited the greatest projection capacities, while JUVVOL and RHA4 offered the largest persistence to enzymatic degradation. In this article, we introduce the use of the Projection Index to efficiently assess the ability of a gel to lift tissues, thus increasing preclinical models’ efficiency and reducing the need for animal studies.

Current Knowledge and Regulatory Framework on the Use of Hyaluronic Acid for Aesthetic Injectable Skin Rejuvenation Treatments

“…The crosslinks in the hydrogel's structure resist the natural enzymatic degradation of hyaluronic acid by skin enzymes; therefore, the volumizing effect can last for 6-9 months [57]. The higher the degree of crosslinking, the lower the rate of biodegradation after injection and the longer-lasting the contouring or volumizing effects are.…”

Comprehensive Evaluation of Injectability Attributes in OxiFree™ Dermal Fillers: MaiLi® Product Variants and Clinical Case Reports

“…Of note, close consideration of dermal filler product injectability is of central importance for widely used cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogel systems. Specifically, their formulation parameters and biophysical attributes may be linked to the overall quality of the provided medical aesthetic care [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”