Streptacidiphilus durhamensis sp. nov., isolated from a spruce forest soil

Abstract

The taxonomic position of three acidophilic actinobacteria, strains FGG38, FGG39 and FSCA67T, isolated from the fermentation litter layer of a spruce forest soil was established using a polyphasic approach. The strains were shown to have chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with their classification in the genus Streptacidiphilus and formed a distinct phyletic line in the Streptacidiphilus 16S rRNA gene tree being most closely related to Streptacidiphilus albus DSM 41753T (99.4 % similarity). DNA:DNA relatedness data showed that isolate FSCA67T and the type strain of S. albus belonged to markedly distinct genomic species. The isolates had many phenotypic properties in common and were distinguished readily from their closest phylogenetic neighbours in the Streptacidiphilus gene tree using a broad range of these features. Based on the combined genotypic and phenotypic data the three isolates are considered to represent a new Streptacidiphilus species. The name Streptacidiphilus durhamensis sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon with isolate FSCA67T (=DSM 45796T = KACC 17154T = NCIMB 14829T) as the type strain.

Streptacidiphilus toruniensis sp. nov., isolated from a pine forest soil

“…Filamentous sporactinomycetes which grow between pH 3.5 and 6.0 are a neglected group even though they are common in acidic habitats (Williams et al 1971; Khan and Williams 1975; Goodfellow and Dawson 1978; Golinska et al 2013a, b, 2015). The present study provides further evidence that the genus Streptacidiphilus is underspeciated (Lonsdale 1985; Seong et al 1993, 1995) as isolates NA14 and NF37 T were found to belong to a new Streptacidiphilus species for which the name Streptacidiphilus toruniensis sp.…”

“…The isolates were examined for cultural and morphological features following growth on acidified (pH 5.5) ISP media 1–7 (Shirling and Gottlieb 1966), as described previously (Golinska et al 2013a). Hyphal and spore chain configuration were detected on acidified oatmeal agar (ISP medium 3; Shirling and Gottlieb 1966) after 14 days at 28 °C, using the coverslip technique of Kawato and Shinobu (1959).…”

“…Streptacidiphili are currently assigned to ten species with validly published names most of which have been circumscribed in extensive polyphasic studies (Golinska et al 2013a, b). Streptacidiphilus strains grow between pH 3.5 and 6.0, optimally around pH 5.0, form extenstively branched substrate hyphae which differentiate into flexuous to straight chains of smooth-surfaced spores, contain major proportioins of LL-diaminopimelic acid in whole-organism hydrolysates, saturated, iso- and anteiso fatty acids, hexa- and octahydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units as predominant isoprenologues, and complex polar lipid patterns that include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides (Kämpfer 2012a, b).…”

“…Streptacidiphilus strains grow between pH 3.5 and 6.0, optimally around pH 5.0, form extenstively branched substrate hyphae which differentiate into flexuous to straight chains of smooth-surfaced spores, contain major proportioins of LL-diaminopimelic acid in whole-organism hydrolysates, saturated, iso- and anteiso fatty acids, hexa- and octahydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units as predominant isoprenologues, and complex polar lipid patterns that include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides (Kämpfer 2012a, b). Streptacidiphili are common and widely distributed in acidic habitats, notably in coniferous soils (Williams et al 1971; Golinska et al 2013a, b), produce chitinases and diastases with low pH optima (Williams and Flowers 1978), are a source of antifungal compounds (Williams and Khan 1974) and are implicated in the turnover of organic matter at low pH values (Goodfellow and Williams 1983; Williams et al 1984). …”

Antimicrobial activity of biosilver nanoparticles produced by a novel Streptacidiphilus durhamensis strain

“…The isolate was most closely related to Streptacidiphilus durhamensis FSCA67T and shared 16S rRNA similarity with the abovementioned strain, corresponding to a difference in 1387 nucleotide locations. 17,18 AgNP biosynthesis UV-Vis biosynthesis of AgNPs by Streptacidiphilus durhamensis in cell-free extracts after addition of 3mM AgNO 3 solution. A lack of color change was observed in the control, which contained medium with a solution of AgNO 3 ( Figure 1A).…”