Streptococcal infection and autoimmune diseases

Ohashi, Ayaka; Murayama, Masanori A.; Miyabe, Yoshishige; Yudoh, Kazuo; Miyabe, Chie

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361123

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

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Haplotype Analysis Reveals Pleiotropic Disease Associations in the HLA Region

Smith,

Strausz,

Spence

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region plays an important role in human health through involvement in immune cell recognition and maturation. While genetic variation in the HLA region is associated with many diseases, the pleiotropic patterns of these associations have not been systematically investigated. Here, we developed a haplotype approach to investigate disease associations phenome-wide for 412,181 Finnish individuals and 2,459 traits. Across the 1,035 diseases with a GWAS association, we found a 17-fold average per-SNP enrichment of hits in the HLA region. Altogether, we identified 7,649 HLA associations across 647 traits, including 1,750 associations uncovered by haplotype analysis. We find some haplotypes show trade-offs between diseases, while others consistently increase risk across traits, indicating a complex pleiotropic landscape involving a range of diseases. This study highlights the extensive impact of HLA variation on disease risk, and underscores the importance of classical and non-classical genes, as well as non-coding variation.

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Haplotype Analysis Reveals Pleiotropic Disease Associations in the HLA Region

Smith,

Strausz,

Spence

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Skin microbiome and causal relationships in three dermatological diseases: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and Bayesian weighting

Li,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2024

Skin Research and Technology

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BackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis (PSO), rosacea, and other related immune skin diseases are affected by multiple complex factors such as genetic and microbial components. This research investigates the causal relationships between specific skin microbiota and these diseases by using Mendelian randomization (MR), and Bayesian weighted Mendelian randomization (BWMR).MethodsWe utilized genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data to analyze the associations between various skin bacteria and three dermatological diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) served as instrumental variables (IVs) in MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), and MR Egger. BWMR was employed to validate results and address pleiotropy.ResultsThe IVW analysis identified significant associations between specific skin microbiota and dermatological diseases. ASV006_Dry, ASV076_Dry, and Haemophilus_Dry were significantly positively associated with AD, whereas Kocuria_Dry was negatively associated. In PSO, ASV005_Dry was negatively associated, whereas ASV004_Dry, Rothia_Dry, and Streptococcus_Moist showed positive associations. For rosacea, ASV023_Dry was significantly positively associated, while ASV016_Moist, Finegoldia_Dry, and Rhodobacteraceae_Moist were significantly negatively associated. These results were corroborated by BWMR analysis.ConclusionBacterial species such as Finegoldia, Rothia, and Streptococcus play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AD, PSO, and rosacea. Understanding these microbial interactions can aid in developing targeted treatments and preventive strategies, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.

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Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms in COPD: Current Status and Therapeutic Prospects

Qi,

Yan,

Tang

et al. 2024

JIR

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Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) currently ranks among the top three causes of mortality worldwide, presenting as a prevalent and complex respiratory ailment. Ongoing research has underscored the pivotal role of immune function in the onset and progression of COPD. The immune response in COPD patients exhibits abnormalities, characterized by diminished anti-infection capacity due to immune senescence, heightened activation of neutrophils and macrophages, T cell infiltration, and aberrant B cell activity, collectively contributing to airway inflammation and lung injury in COPD. Objective This review aimed to explore the pivotal role of the immune system in COPD and its therapeutic potential. Methods We conducted a review of immunity and COPD published within the past decade in the Web of Science and PubMed databases, sorting through and summarizing relevant literature. Results This article examines the pivotal roles of the immune system in COPD. Understanding the specific functions and interactions of these immune cells could facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies and interventions aimed at controlling inflammation, enhancing immune function, and mitigating the impact of respiratory infections in COPD patients.

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Streptococcal infection and autoimmune diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Haplotype Analysis Reveals Pleiotropic Disease Associations in the HLA Region

Haplotype Analysis Reveals Pleiotropic Disease Associations in the HLA Region

Skin microbiome and causal relationships in three dermatological diseases: Evidence from Mendelian randomization and Bayesian weighting

Inflammatory and Immune Mechanisms in COPD: Current Status and Therapeutic Prospects

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