Streptococcal PD peritonitis--a 10-year review of one centre's experience

Abstract

Streptococci remain a significant cause of PD peritonitis. Viridans strep is the primary subtype responsible. Isolated infections with these organisms are associated with slower response, good outcome and higher rates of recurrence.

Temporal Trends in Peritonitis Rates, Microbiology and Outcomes: The Major Clinical Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis

“…The change in the spectrum of Gram-positive organisms with a proportional increase in the incidence of the streptococcal peritonitis is similarly found in other studies [16]. …”

“…Although Gram-positive organisms remain the most common bacteriological cause of PD-related peritonitis [15,16], we have witnessed a decline in the staphylococcal infections since 1995, paralleling a decrease in exit site infections [11]. …”

Severe Peritonitis due to Streptococcus viridans Following Adjustable Gastric Banding

“…For example, Streptococcus mitis is predominantly localized to the buccal mucosa, whereas Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis are associated with the teeth, and Streptococcus salivarius is localized on the tongue. Streptococcus bovis is an inhabitant of the lower GI tract [7].…”

“…Streptococcal species are responsible for 6% to16% of the cases of PD peritonitis. S. viridans accounts for the majority (90.3%) of the streptococcal peritonitis [7]. Compared with the peritoneal dialysis tube, in laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, there is no extracorporeal segment that requires care in patients following the gastric banding procedure.…”

“…The spectrum of pathogens associated with intra-abdominal infections is diverse and depends on the origin of the infection. Streptococci is a significant cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis (6% to 16% of the cases) and S. viridans is reported to account for up to 93% of Streptococci infections [7]. However, peritonitis due to S. viridans in patients following adjustable gastric banding is rare [8].…”