Streptococcus anginosus (Streptococcus milleri Group) Pyomyositis in a 50-Year-Old Man with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature

Yassin, Mohamed; Yadavalli, Gopal; Alvarado, Neisa

doi:10.1007/s15010-009-6002-9

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The SAG are also medically important for their ability to cause suppurative infections and have been isolated from numerous body sites [10,11]. Of particular interest, SAG has been identified as the most common organism isolated from brain abscess [12,13], liver abscess [14] and empyema [13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationship and virulence inference of Streptococcus Anginosus Group: curated annotation and whole-genome comparative analysis support distinct species designation

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe Streptococcus Anginosus Group (SAG) represents three closely related species of the viridans group streptococci recognized as commensal bacteria of the oral, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts. The SAG also cause severe invasive infections, and are pathogens during cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbation. Little genomic information or description of virulence mechanisms is currently available for SAG. We conducted intra and inter species whole-genome comparative analyses with 59 publically available Streptococcus genomes and seven in-house closed high quality finished SAG genomes; S. constellatus (3), S. intermedius (2), and S. anginosus (2). For each SAG species, we sequenced at least one numerically dominant strain from CF airways recovered during acute exacerbation and an invasive, non-lung isolate. We also evaluated microevolution that occurred within two isolates that were cultured from one individual one year apart.ResultsThe SAG genomes were most closely related to S. gordonii and S. sanguinis, based on shared orthologs and harbor a similar number of proteins within each COG category as other Streptococcus species. Numerous characterized streptococcus virulence factor homologs were identified within the SAG genomes including; adherence, invasion, spreading factors, LPxTG cell wall proteins, and two component histidine kinases known to be involved in virulence gene regulation. Mobile elements, primarily integrative conjugative elements and bacteriophage, account for greater than 10% of the SAG genomes. S. anginosus was the most variable species sequenced in this study, yielding both the smallest and the largest SAG genomes containing multiple genomic rearrangements, insertions and deletions. In contrast, within the S. constellatus and S. intermedius species, there was extensive continuous synteny, with only slight differences in genome size between strains. Within S. constellatus we were able to determine important SNPs and changes in VNTR numbers that occurred over the course of one year.ConclusionsThe comparative genomic analysis of the SAG clarifies the phylogenetics of these bacteria and supports the distinct species classification. Numerous potential virulence determinants were identified and provide a foundation for further studies into SAG pathogenesis. Furthermore, the data may be used to enable the development of rapid diagnostic assays and therapeutics for these pathogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationship and virulence inference of Streptococcus Anginosus Group: curated annotation and whole-genome comparative analysis support distinct species designation

et al. 2013

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“…However, they are capable of pyogenic infection and abscess formation. There are only three previous reported cases of S. milleri causing pyomyositis, [15][16][17] and all had risk factors (HIV or malnutrition). It is unclear why pyomyositis occurred in the reported child, who was immunocompetent and had no history of trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Torticollis Due to Primary Pyomyositis of the Paraspinal Muscles in an 11-Year Old Boy

Ray¹

2017

Preprint

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“…They noted that the most frequently involved muscles were those around the quadriceps (26.3%), and the involvement of those around the shoulder including the rhomboideus muscle was found in only 7.9% of these patients. Pyomyositis can usually be a complication in immunocompromised conditions such as HIV and diabetes mellitus [ 1 – 3 ]. Our patient was not immunocompromised, because he was negative for HIV, his HbA1c level was within the normal range, and detailed examinations showed that he had no other diseases or symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary Pyomyositis of the Left Rhomboideus Muscle Caused byStreptococcus anginosusandStreptococcus intermediusin an Immunocompetent Person

Tanaka

Takaya

Yamamoto

et al. 2015

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

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Primary pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of the skeletal muscle commonly affecting children with Staphylococcus aureus most often isolated as a pathogen. However, pyomyositis caused by anaerobic bacteria is rare in adults. Here, we report a case of solitary Pyomyositis of the left rhomboideus muscle in an immunocompetent person. A 70-year-old Japanese male presented with high fever and left shoulder pain. His muscle below the lower edge of the left scapula was tender and swollen. His laboratory examinations revealed severe inflammation. Computed tomography showed a solitary low-density area around a contrast enhancement in the left rhomboideus muscle. He was diagnosed as having solitary pyomyositis. Although his symptoms did not improve despite empiric intravenous administration of antibiotics, an incision was performed. Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus intermedius were isolated from the culture of drainage fluid. His symptoms gradually disappeared after the incisional drainage and continuous administration of antibiotics. Pyomyositis did not recur after his discharge. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on anaerobic pyomyositis of the shoulder muscle.

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Streptococcus anginosus (Streptococcus milleri Group) Pyomyositis in a 50-Year-Old Man with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Case Report and Review of Literature

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Phylogenetic relationship and virulence inference of Streptococcus Anginosus Group: curated annotation and whole-genome comparative analysis support distinct species designation

Phylogenetic relationship and virulence inference of Streptococcus Anginosus Group: curated annotation and whole-genome comparative analysis support distinct species designation

Acquired Torticollis Due to Primary Pyomyositis of the Paraspinal Muscles in an 11-Year Old Boy

Solitary Pyomyositis of the Left Rhomboideus Muscle Caused byStreptococcus anginosusandStreptococcus intermediusin an Immunocompetent Person

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