Streptococcus Bacteriophage: A Study of Four Serological Types

Evans, Alice C.

doi:10.2307/4581377

Cited by 62 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Phage C1 is highly specific to group C streptococci, which are animal pathogens. As a result of its specificity, C1 was used for classification of bacterial strains, thus leading to the development of analytical phage typing (2). Although C1 only infects group C streptococci, the bacteriophage lysin, released during the last stage of infection, can rapidly kill groups A, C, and E streptococci as well as Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus equi.…”

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confidence: 99%

Structural investigations of a Podoviridae streptococcus phage C1, implications for the mechanism of viral entry

Aksyuk

Bowman

Kaufmann

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The Podoviridae phage C1 was one of the earliest isolated bacteriophages and the first virus documented to be active against streptococci. The icosahedral and asymmetric reconstructions of the virus were calculated using cryo-electron microscopy. The capsid protein has an HK97 fold arranged into a T ¼ 4 icosahedral lattice. The C1 tail is terminated with a φ29-like knob, surrounded by a skirt of twelve long appendages with novel morphology. Several C1 structural proteins have been identified, including a candidate for an appendage. The crystal structure of the knob has an N-terminal domain with a fold observed previously in tube forming proteins of Siphoviridae and Myoviridae phages. The structure of C1 suggests the mechanisms by which the virus digests the cell wall and ejects its genome. Although there is little sequence similarity to other phages, conservation of the structural proteins demonstrates a common origin of the head and tail, but more recent evolution of the appendages.bacteriophage C1 tail | tail knob | X-ray crystallography

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confidence: 99%

Structural investigations of a Podoviridae streptococcus phage C1, implications for the mechanism of viral entry

Aksyuk

Bowman

Kaufmann

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In the 1920s and 1930s it was observed that different phage types, or "races," displayed bacterial host specificity; thus, the field of phage typing was founded (8) and an initial classification system for phage was established. The advent of the electron microscope allowed phage biologists to measure the physical size of phage and the length of the tail fibers and to determine the symmetry of the capsid (16), giving rise to a taxonomy based on morphotypes in the 1940s and 1950s.…”

Section: Epochs Of Phage Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Taxonomy: We Agree To Disagree

Nelson

2004

J Bacteriol

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“…One has thus looked in phage lysates for a substance able to initiate lysis of non-infected cells of the same species. With bacteriophages acting on Gram-positive bacteria, such attempts have frequently been successful (Gratia & Rhodes, 1923;Wollman & Wollman, 1932; Gratia, 1937; Evans, 1934; Wahl& Josse Goichot, 1950; Maxted, 1957). With phages actingon Gramnegative bacteria, the situation appears to be rather complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%