Streptomyces sp. strain TOR3209: a rhizosphere bacterium promoting growth of tomato by affecting the rhizosphere microbial community

Abstract

Aiming at revealing the possible mechanism of its growth promoting effect on tomato, the correlations among Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 inoculation, rhizobacteriome, and tomato growth/production traits were investigated in this study. By analyses of Illumina sequencing and plate coating, differences in rhizosphere microbial communities were found in different growth stages and distinct inoculation treatments. The plant biomass/fruit yields and relative abundances of families Flavobacteriaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Polyangiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae in treatments T (tomato inoculated with TOR3209) and TF (tomato inoculated with TOR3209 + organic fertilizer) were higher than that in the controls (CK and CK+ organic fertilizer), respectively. The analysis of Metastats and LEfSe revealed that the genera Flavobacterium and Sorangium in seedling stage, Klebsiella in flowering stage, Collimonas in early fruit setting stage, and genera Micrococcaceae, Pontibacte and Adhaeribacter in late fruit setting stage were the most representative rhizobacteria that positively responded to TOR3209 inoculation. By cultivation method, five bacterial strains positively correlated to TOR3209 inoculation were isolated from rhizosphere and root endosphere, which were identified as tomato growth promoters affiliated to Enterobacter sp., Arthrobacter sp., Bacillus subtilis, Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus velezensis. In pot experiment, TOR3209 and B. velezensis WSW007 showed joint promotion to tomato production, while the abundance of inoculated TOR3209 was dramatically decreased in rhizosphere along the growth of tomato. Conclusively, TOR3209 might promote the tomato production via changing of microbial community in rhizosphere. These findings provide a better understanding of the interactions among PGPR in plant promotion.

Volatile Organic Compounds of Streptomyces sp. TOR3209 Stimulated Tobacco Growth by Up-Regulating the Expression of Genes Related to Plant Growth and Development

“…The members of the genus Streptomyces are Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria that are widely distributed in the soil and other habitats, and they are well known for their ability to produce a large number of bioactive secondary metabolites (antibiotics) (Quinn et al, 2020 ), but rarely act as phytopathogens (Li et al, 2019 ). Recently, Streptomyces strains have been utilized as PGPR for several crops, including wheat (Akbari et al, 2020 ), tomato (Hu et al, 2020 ), chickpea (Gopalakrishnan et al, 2015 ), sorghum (Gopalakrishnan et al, 2013 ), and rice (Suárez-Moreno et al, 2019 ). The PGP effects of these Streptomyces strains have been attributed to their production of siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid, nitrogen fixation, and phosphate solubilization, which make them potential biofertilizers (Romano-Armada et al, 2020 ).…”

The Endophytic Strain Trichoderma asperellum 6S-2: An Efficient Biocontrol Agent against Apple Replant Disease in China and a Potential Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungus

“…Traditional chemical fumigation and pesticide application are highly effective in preventing and controlling ARD, but their use has harmful effects on the environment [1,8]. At present, Trichoderma, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Streptomyces are widely used as biological control agents [9][10][11], in line with the concept of "double reduction" of fertilizers and pesticides. Compared to rhizosphere soil strains, endophytes can more effectively colonize plants and better adapt to environmental changes, making them more effective in disease suppression and growth promotion [12].…”

Comparative Metagenomics Reveals Microbial Signatures of Sugarcane Phyllosphere in Organic Management

“…This indicated that Streptomyces could coexist and inhibit the growth of other microbes in regulating the composition and structure of the organic network. Hu et al (2020) suggested that Streptomyces application could promote the growth of tomato by reshaping the rhizosphere microbial community and could positively increase the abundance of other beneficial bacteria. Cyanobacterial Calothrix sp.…”