Streptomycin in the Treatment of Infections

Keefer, Chester S.

doi:10.1001/jama.1946.02870370016006

Cited by 42 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Since 1945 encouraging results of the use of streptomyin have been reported in urinary infections (Helmolz, 1945) and miscellaneous conditions (Herrel and Nichols, 1945). Several authors have confirmed these results (Keefer et al, 1946;Goettsch et al, 1948), and we ourselves, struck with the frequency of septicaemia and meningitis of this type in the newborn and the infant, have reported our preliminary investigations (Debre, Mozziconacci, Grumbach, and Boulard, 1948).…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

Streptomycin Treatment of Septicaemia and Meningitis Due to Intestinal Organisms in Infants

Debré¹,

Mozziconacci²,

Grumbach³

et al. 1949

BMJ

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supporting

confidence: 74%

Streptomycin Treatment of Septicaemia and Meningitis Due to Intestinal Organisms in Infants

Debré¹,

Mozziconacci²,

Grumbach³

et al. 1949

BMJ

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“…by the above and other authors1, 2,3) were Present status and course : On admission, he was mal-nourished and stuporous. On auscultation, the breath sounds were generally sharp and especially rough in both hili.…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

Streptomycin in the Treatment of Typhoid and Para-Typhoid Fever

Kojima

1951

JMJ

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Prior to the appearance of chloromycetin as a specific agent for the treatment of typhoid fever, one had centred hope on streptomycine to conquer the disease, because of its wide bacillary spectrum and, especially of the powerful activity on the growth of Eberthella typhosa in vitro. The results of the most reliable record by Keefer and others on 51 cases of typhoid fever were however disappointing, in which cases were treated with a large does of streptomycin. Since then, workers in this field seem to have abandoned to repeat similar experiment. But could streptomycin be really ineffective for the treatment of typhoid fever? Cases, dealt with

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“…12,13 McDermott “expressed the opinion that streptomycin exerts a definite action on the tuberculous process,” basing his claim on a small set of pulmonary TB subjects who experienced a complete remission or significant reduction in the size of cavities after at least two months of therapy. 14 His group’s case reports of TB patients receiving the drug from 1946 to 1947 affirmed this “unprecedented ability” 15 : Previously, patients who suffered from rare forms of meningeal or miliary TB typically died within a few weeks; when treated with streptomycin, however, they survived for several months. Patients with pulmonary TB, the form responsible for the majority of deaths, typically experienced a “prompt improvement of symptoms” and complete remission for at least several weeks of receiving streptomycin.…”

Section: The Emerging Antibiotic Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

Walsh McDermott and Changing Conceptions of Tuberculosis Antibiotic Therapy

Pohl

Fins

2014

Academic Medicine

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Although health care reform efforts are laudably directed at promoting quality and efficiency, added bureaucracy may have the unintended consequence of constraining physicians’ creativity. This has the potential to undermine clinicians’ freedom to reframe their thinking in response to unfolding biological knowledge, a defining feature of academic medicine. In this Perspective, the authors illustrate the confluence of creativity, context, and discovery through a historical example: the evolution of tuberculosis (TB) multidrug chemotherapy as espoused by Walsh McDermott and his colleagues during the 1940s and 1950s.Before the discovery of streptomycin in 1943, clinician–researchers aimed to identify a “magic bullet” that would rapidly eradicate tubercle bacilli from the body. In the years following the discovery of streptomycin, it became clear that the biology of TB did not conform to researchers’ expectations. The recognition that treatment would neither be simple nor quick prompted further attempts to devise an optimal streptomycin regimen, which would enable the host’s immune system to suppress infection and prevent the emergence of streptomycin-resistant strains. By the late 1950s, investigators clarified the limits of streptomycin’s effectiveness, which led to combined chemotherapy. In so doing, they gained a better understanding of drug–bacilli–host interactions and shifted attention from the host to the drug-resistant microbe.The authors argue that this tale of discovery offers a latent lesson for academic medicine: As the health care system undergoes systemic restructuring, it is essential to preserve the freedom to reframe thinking and creatively solve translational problems in research and practice.

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Streptomycin in the Treatment of Infections

Cited by 42 publications

References 1 publication

Streptomycin Treatment of Septicaemia and Meningitis Due to Intestinal Organisms in Infants

Streptomycin Treatment of Septicaemia and Meningitis Due to Intestinal Organisms in Infants

Streptomycin in the Treatment of Typhoid and Para-Typhoid Fever

Walsh McDermott and Changing Conceptions of Tuberculosis Antibiotic Therapy

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