“…Therefore, the joining process of the components is one of the most sensitive points when building the structure and is of great importance. The applications of welding, bolting, riveting, and adhesive bonding are seen as the most common joining techniques used in scientific studies and industrial applications (Kumar et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022;Gamdani et al, 2022). Among them, the adhesive bonding technique is frequently preferred especially in the automotive and aerospace industries, with its superior aspects such as enabling uniform stress distribution, weight reduction, aesthetic appearance, ability to combine different materials, and eliminating possible chemical reactions by preventing direct contact of the bonded materials (Adin, 2013;Akpınar, 2013;Adin and Kılıçkap, 2021;Atahan and Apalak, 2022;Uzun and Akçadağ, 2022).…”