Stress and Autoimmunity

McCray, Courtney J.; Agarwal, Sandeep K.

doi:10.1016/j.iac.2010.09.004

Cited by 86 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…An appropriate management of these conditions should be encouraged based on the use of established intervention strategies. Physicians and patients should recognize the potential of stress to impact autoimmune diseases and that stress management should be integrated in a multidimensional treatment approach (McCray & Agarwal, 2011).…”

Section: Acupuncturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenetic Link Between Stress and Rheumatic Diseases

Malysheva¹,

Baerwald²

2012

Insights and Perspectives in Rheumatology

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Section: Acupuncturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenetic Link Between Stress and Rheumatic Diseases

Malysheva¹,

Baerwald²

2012

Insights and Perspectives in Rheumatology

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“…Among the environmental factors that may alter the equilibrium in host-microbiome homeostasis, host-stress is a known risk factor for a variety of diseases. In case of acute stress, stress response may prepare the immune system for challenges such as infection, but when it becomes chronic, it may influence inflammatory processes leading to the development of systemic or local diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, 2 diabetes, 3 or periodontitis. 4 Furthermore, physiological stress can also alter the composition of the commensal microbiota in the human microbiome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the stress hormone cortisol on the metatranscriptome of the oral microbiome

Duran-Pinedo

Solbiati

Frias-Lopez

2018

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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Imbalances of the microbiome, also referred to as microbial dysbiosis, could lead to a series of different diseases. One factor that has been shown to lead to dysbiosis of the microbiome is exposure to psychological stressors. Throughout evolution microorganisms of the human microbiome have developed systems for sensing host-associated signals such as hormones associated with those stressors, enabling them to recognize essential changes in their environment, thus changing their expression gene profile to fit the needs of the new environment. The most widely accepted theory explaining the ability of hormones to affect the outcome of an infection involves the suppression of the immune system. Commensal microbiota is involved in stressor-induced immunomodulation, but other biological effects are not yet known. Here we present the impact that cortisol had on the community-wide transcriptome of the oral community. We used a metatranscriptomic approach to obtain first insights into the metabolic changes induced by this stress hormone as well as which members of the oral microbiome respond to the presence of cortisol in the environment. Our findings show that the stress hormone cortisol directly induces shifts in the gene expression profiles of the oral microbiome that reproduce results found in the profiles of expression of periodontal disease and its progression.

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“…The impact of stress on immune function has been extensively investigated in healthy subjects exposed to different type of stress factors (eustress vs distress), intensity (minor stress such as work stress and interpersonal relations, or major stress like death or severe illness of a parent) and duration (acute vs chronic stress) [ 109 – 111 ]. Stress can modulate the immune system by inducing a shift away from cellular immunity (T helper type 1, Th1) towards humoral responses (T helper type 2, Th2) [ 112 , 113 ]. The effect of stress can be different according to the type of stressor, subject and environment, however it is generally accepted that short-term stress can enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, whereas chronic or long-term stress can induce immunosuppression by decreasing immune cell numbers and function and/or increasing active immunosuppressive mechanisms [ 114 , 115 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since stress has the ability of modulating immune function and the empirical observations that stress could precede autoimmune onset and disease flares, different authors evaluated the impact of stress in these pathologies [ 116 – 118 ]. A proposed mechanism for the brain-immune axis to influence disease activity is the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion; indeed an increase in IL-6 and IL-1 has been observed during acute stress in patients with autoimmune disorders [ 112 , 119 – 121 ]. Stress can also be an autoimmune inducer by influencing lymphocyte number and activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and chronic inflammatory arthritis: an interwoven link

et al. 2016

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BackgroundOnly recently, the scientific community gained insights on the importance of the intestinal resident flora for the host’s health and disease. Gut microbiota in fact plays a crucial role in modulating innate and acquired immune responses and thus interferes with the fragile balance inflammation versus tolerance.Main bodyCorrelations between gut bacteria composition and the severity of inflammation have been studied in inflammatory bowel diseases. More recently similar alterations in the gut microbiota have been reported in patients with spondyloarthritis, whereas in rheumatoid arthritis an accumulating body of evidence evokes a pathogenic role for the altered oral microbiota in disease development and course. In the context of dysbiosis it is also important to remember that different environmental factors like stress, smoke and dietary components can induce strong bacterial changes and consequent exposure of the intestinal epithelium to a variety of different metabolites, many of which have an unknown function. In this perspective, and in complex disorders like autoimmune diseases, not only the genetic makeup, sex and immunologic context of the individual but also the structure of his microbial community should be taken into account.ConclusionsHere we provide a review of the role of the microbiota in the onset, severity and progression of chronic inflammatory arthritis as well as its impact on the therapeutic management of these patients. Furthermore we point-out the complex interwoven link between gut-joint-brain and immune system by reviewing the most recent data on the literature on the importance of environmental factors such as diet, smoke and stress.

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Stress and Autoimmunity

Cited by 86 publications

References 89 publications

The Pathogenetic Link Between Stress and Rheumatic Diseases

The Pathogenetic Link Between Stress and Rheumatic Diseases

The effect of the stress hormone cortisol on the metatranscriptome of the oral microbiome

Microbiota and chronic inflammatory arthritis: an interwoven link

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