Stress and Cancer

Johansen, Christoffer; Sørensen, Ivalu; Høeg, Beverley Lim; Bidstrup, Pernille Envold; Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg

doi:10.1002/9781118993811.ch7

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Exposure to high levels of psychological stress as well as repeated exposure over a long period of time have both been linked to weakening of the immune system [ 23 ]. However, to date, no consensus has been reached on whether stress also affects the incidence of cancer [ 24 ]. Psychological stress and trauma can also impact cancer and CVD risk indirectly through behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and major disease risk among migrants of the 1991–2001 Balkan wars to Sweden: A register-based cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background In recent decades, millions of refugees and migrants have fled wars and sought asylum in Europe. The aim of this study was to quantify the risk of mortality and major diseases among migrants during the 1991–2001 Balkan wars to Sweden in comparison to other European migrants to Sweden during the same period. Methods and findings We conducted a register-based cohort study of 104,770 migrants to Sweden from the former Yugoslavia during the Balkan wars and 147,430 migrants to Sweden from 24 other European countries during the same period (1991–2001). Inpatient and specialized outpatient diagnoses of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and psychiatric disorders were obtained from the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Cancer Register, and mortality data from the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Adjusting for individual-level data on sociodemographic characteristics and emigration country smoking prevalence, we used Cox regressions to contrast risks of health outcomes for migrants of the Balkan wars and other European migrants. During an average of 12.26 years of follow-up, being a migrant of the Balkan wars was associated with an elevated risk of being diagnosed with CVD (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.34–1.43, p < 0.001) and dying from CVD (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.29–1.62, p < 0.001), as well as being diagnosed with cancer (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08–1.24, p < 0.001) and dying from cancer (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15–1.41, p < 0.001), compared to other European migrants. Being a migrant of the Balkan wars was also associated with a greater overall risk of being diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.14–1.23, p < 0.001), particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (HR 9.33, 95% CI 7.96–10.94, p < 0.001), while being associated with a reduced risk of suicide (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.96, p = 0.030) and suicide attempt (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.51–0.65, p < 0.001). Later time period of migration and not having any first-degree relatives in Sweden at the time of immigration were associated with greater increases in risk of CVD and psychiatric disorders. Limitations of the study included lack of individual-level information on health status and behaviors of migrants at the time of immigration. Conclusions Our findings indicate that migrants of the Balkan wars faced considerably elevated risks of major diseases and mortality in their first decade in Sweden compared to other European migrants. War migrants without family members in Sweden or with more recent immigration may be particularly vulnerable to adverse health outcomes. Results underscore that persons displaced by war are a vulnerable group in need of long-term health surveillance for psychiatric disorders and somatic disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and major disease risk among migrants of the 1991–2001 Balkan wars to Sweden: A register-based cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…Comorbidities may negatively mediate the influence of food insecurity on health outcomes. 26 Comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, 27 , 28 cancer, 27 , 29 chronic fatigue syndrome, 30 musculoskeletal injury, 31 and depression, 27 , 32 and health-related behaviors include smoking, substance abuse, and poor 27 and disturbed eating habits. 33…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Support and Loneliness Among Black and Hispanic Senior Women Experiencing Food Insecurity

Kirkland

Woo

2022

Nursing Clinics of North America

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Neurobiology of Stress—From Homeostasis to Allostasis and How Social Environment is Involved

Розанов¹

2017

Stress and Epigenetics in Suicide

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Stress and Cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Mortality and major disease risk among migrants of the 1991–2001 Balkan wars to Sweden: A register-based cohort study

Mortality and major disease risk among migrants of the 1991–2001 Balkan wars to Sweden: A register-based cohort study

Social Support and Loneliness Among Black and Hispanic Senior Women Experiencing Food Insecurity

Neurobiology of Stress—From Homeostasis to Allostasis and How Social Environment is Involved

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