Stress and immunity — the circuit makes the difference

Bains, Jaideep S.; Sharkey, Keith A.

doi:10.1038/s41590-022-01276-1

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… 21 In addition, stress exposure can condition alterations of immunologic signaling in mouse cell lines, influencing adaptivity to subsequent stress. 22 – 24 A similar conditioning in response to stress may also occur in humans and could be related to resilience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Cytokines influence neuroplasticity, modulating hormones that affect the hypothalamic pituitary axis, including glucocorticoids, which play a role in protection from proinflammatory cytokines 21 . In addition, stress exposure can condition alterations of immunologic signaling in mouse cell lines, influencing adaptivity to subsequent stress 22–24 . A similar conditioning in response to stress may also occur in humans and could be related to resilience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation analysis of salivary cytokines and hormones with resiliency

Wong

Patel

LaPorta

et al. 2023

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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BACKGROUND Frequent exposure to acute stress increases risk of suicide, posttraumatic stress disorder, and other stress-related disorders. Neuroendocrine and immunologic dysregulation associated with stress may underlie predispositions to psychological disorders and inflammatory disease processes in individuals, such as first-responders and other healthcare professionals, who function in high stress situations. The Hardiness Resilience Gauge (HRG) can be used to psychometrically measure resilience, a psychological modifier of the stress response. Using the HRG alongside salivary biomarker profiling, may help to identify low resilience phenotypes and allow mitigation and early therapeutic interventions. There is a paucity of knowledge regarding biomarkers of resilience. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between factors of resilience with salivary biomarker levels and fluctuations during and following acute stress. METHODS Sixty-three first responders underwent a standardized stress-inducing training exercise, providing salivary samples before (prestress), immediately after (post-stress), and 1 hour after the event (recovery). The HRG was administered before (initial) and after (final) the event. Multiplex ELISA panels quantified 42 cytokines and 6 hormones from the samples, which were analyzed for relationships to psychometric factors of resilience measured by the HRG. RESULTS Several biomarkers correlated with psychological resilience following the acute stress event. The HRG scores correlated (p < 0.05) with a select set of biomarkers with moderate-to-strong correlations (|r| > 0.3). These included EGF, GROα, PDGFAA, TGFα, VEGFA, interleukin (IL)1Ra, TNFα, IL18, cortisol, FGF2, IL13, IL15, and IL6. Interestingly, fluctuations of EGF, GROα, and PDGFAA in post-stress compared with recovery were positively correlated with factors of resilience, which were negatively correlated from the pre-stress to post-stress period. CONCLUSION This exploratory analysis discovered a small subset of salivary biomarkers that are significantly correlated with acute stress and resilience. Further investigation of their specific roles in acute stress and associations with resiliency phenotypes is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation analysis of salivary cytokines and hormones with resiliency

Wong

Patel

LaPorta

et al. 2023

J Trauma Acute Care Surg

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“…AN and autoimmune diseases rely on immunopathological pathways. Psychological stressors can orchestrate the mobilization of immune cells and trigger the production of inflammatory mediators, which in turn may propel the SLE manifestations [14][15][16][17] . Chronic conditions associated with anxiety and/or depression are also linked to AN manifestations [18] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorexia nervosa and systemic lupus erythematosus: a coincidence?

Kudsi,

Tarcha,

Khalayli

et al. 2024

International Journal of Surgery: Global Health

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Introduction and importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a post-acute syndrome that can persist for an extended period. The correlation between anorexia nervosa (AN) and some autoimmune diseases has been reported. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease, presented with different clinical ions and periods, affecting all ages, especially females. The coexistence of SLE and AN has been reported in rare cases. The authors present the case of a 22-year-old male with severe AN coexisting with SLE. Case presentation: We present a case of a 22-year-old male diagnosed with SLE. He also completely refused to eat and drink and presented with behavioral disorders and suicidal thoughts. He was on 200 mg/day of oral hydroxychloroquine, 400 units/day of vitamin D, and 1000 mg/day of oral calcium. There was no positive other history, trauma, drug addiction, or family history. AN was diagnosed according to ICD-10 and DSM-V. Physical examination revealed decreased subcutaneous tissue and muscle atrophy. The weight of the patient was 35.3 kg. Verbal contact was maintained, and psychotic symptoms were not observed. Tenderness in all joints was noticed, while swelling in both knees and right ankle joints was found. Laboratory tests revealed elevated inflammatory markers. Treatment includes a high-calorie diet administered by a feeding tube. The patient began to gain weight after 3 months. He is on 200 mg/day hydroxychloroquine, with remission till now January 2024. Clinical discussion: The novelty of our case is that it is a case of a young adult man presented with AN during mild lupus, who responded well to treatment with steroids and a high-calorie diet. Conclusions: Previous research has suggested the existence of a close link between food and eating disturbance and autoimmunity, and herein we provide further evidence to support this relationship by presenting a case report of an adult male with SLE and AN.

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“…According to Sirufo [ 47 ], AN and autoimmune diseases share a bidirectional relationship, since they both rely on common immunopathological pathways. Based on psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrinology [ 48 ], psychological stressors can orchestrate the mobilization of immune cells and promote the production of various inflammatory mediators [ 49 , 50 ], altering the immune response to viral or autoimmune challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorexia Nervosa in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Causality Dilemma

et al. 2023

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Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is an autoimmune disorder with multifaceted clinical findings in different organ systems. Neuropsychiatric manifestations affect more than half of SLE patients, and there is increasing evidence that anorexia nervosa (AN), a feeding and eating disorder (FED) characterized by significantly reduced energy intake, is among them. Herein, a review of the literature on the potential association between jSLE and AN was performed. Reported clinical cases were identified, and putative pathophysiological mechanisms were sought that could potentially explain the observed relationship between these two pathological entities. Four reports of isolated cases and a case series including seven patients were identified. In this limited patient pool, the diagnosis of AN preceded that of SLE in the majority of cases, whereas in all cases both entities were diagnosed within a time span of two years. Many explanations for the observed relationships have been proposed. AN has been associated with the stress of chronic disease diagnosis; on the other hand, the chronic inflammation associated with AN may contribute to the development/appearance of SLE. Adverse childhood experiences, concentrations of leptin, shared autoantibodies, and genetic traits appear to be important factors in this well-established interplay. In essence, it seems important to increase clinician awareness of the concomitant development of AN and SLE and invite further research on the subject.

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Stress and immunity — the circuit makes the difference

Abstract: Specific brain circuits recruited during stress contribute to differential immune responses and affect how the immune system handles viral and autoimmune challenges.

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Correlation analysis of salivary cytokines and hormones with resiliency

Correlation analysis of salivary cytokines and hormones with resiliency

Anorexia nervosa and systemic lupus erythematosus: a coincidence?

Anorexia Nervosa in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): A Causality Dilemma

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