Stress and its influence on reproduction in pigs: a review

Einarsson, S.; Brandt, Y.; Lundeheim, N.; Madej, Andrzej

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-50-48

Cited by 130 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…McNitt and First [33] found that placing boars for 72 h in a climatic chamber at 33°C and a relative humidity of 50% resulted in a decrease in the total spermatozoa count in the ejaculate and an increase in the percentage of spermatozoa with morphological abnormalities within about two weeks of the treatment. Similar conclusions were reached by Larsson and Einarsson [34] , who placed boars for 100 h at 35°C and a relative humidity of 40%. The results were reduced ejaculate volume and a higher percentage of abnormal spermatozoa; total sperm counts in the ejaculates, however, remained unchanged.…”

Section: The Data Presented Insupporting

confidence: 84%

“…KOWALEWSKI, KONDRACKI, GÓRSKI BAJENA, WYSOKIŃSKA Effect of Piggery Microclimate ... Motility and morphology of sperm are sensitive indicators of heat stress [19] . The extent of morphological changes in spermatozoa depends on the duration of heat impact and on the adaptability of males to the conditions of heat stress [20] . Adaptation is less easy with higher diurnal temperature variations [21] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mikro Klima İklim Şartlarının Erkek Damızlık Domuzlardaki Ejekulasyon Kalitesine Etkileri

KOWALEWSKI¹,

Kondracki²,

Górski³

et al. 2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The study was carried out on 1913 ejaculates collected from 51 Landrace boars. The ejaculates were collected manually. The study included all ejaculates collected by one artificial insemination station over a span of 12 consecutive months. The ejaculates were subjected to the standard analysis which involved: ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, percentage of progressive motility spermatozoa, total number of spermatozoa, and number of artificial insemination doses per ejaculate. Temperature, relative air humidity, and atmospheric pressure in the piggery were monitored during the semen collections. The resulting data were grouped by air temperature, humidity and pressure, and analyzed. It has been found that the microclimate in the place of semen collection may affect the quality of the collected semen. This effect is varied; temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure act differently in relation to the semen traits. Temperature and atmospheric pressure have an effect on sperm concentration. Ejaculates with the highest sperm concentrations were collected at the lowest measured temperatures (10°C and lower) as well as with the lowest relative air humidity. Sperm motility revealed a strict and oriented relationship with both temperature and humidity, but also with atmospheric pressure. Semen collected at the lowest air humidity (50% and lower) and at the lowest observed atmospheric pressure (below 900 hPa) contained the most sperm. The highest number of artificial insemination doses are produced from ejaculates collected in such conditions. Keywords: Microclimate, Semen quality, Artificial insemination boars Mikro Klima İklim Şartlarının Erkek Damızlık Domuzlardaki Ejekulasyon Kalitesine Etkileri ÖzetAraştırma Landrace cinsi 51 erkek damızlık domuzdan alınan 1913 ejekulasyonda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Numuneler el yöntemiyle alınmıştır. Ejekulasyonlar sonraki 12 ay süresince uygulanacak yapay döllenme için tek bir domuz yetiştirme istasyonundan elde edilmiştir. Standart tahliller olan, semen hacmi, spermlerin konsantrasyonu, hareketli sperm sayısının oranı, toplam sperm sayısı ve yapay döllenmedeki doz sayısı analizleri yapılmıştır. Semen örneği alımı sırasında damızlık hayvanların bulundupu yerdeki atmosfer basıncı, havadaki nem ve sıcaklık durumu izlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, sıcaklık, nem ve hava basıncına göre gruplandırılmış vede tekrar analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar neticesinde damızlık hayvanların tutulduğu yerdeki mikro klima şartlarının semen kalitesine etkisi olabileceği görülmüştür. Sıcaklık, nem ve atmosfer basıncı sperm özelliklerine farklı biçimde etki etmektedir. Sıcaklık ve atmosfer basıncı spermlerin konsantrasyonunu doğrudan etkilemektedir. En yüksek sperm konsantrasyonu bulunan ejekulasyonlar, havaya göre en düşük nem ortamı vede en düşük sıcaklıkta (10°C ve aşağısı) elde edilmiştir. Sperm motilitesinin hava basıncı, nem ve sıcaklığa doğrudan bağlı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. En fazla sayıda sperm miktarı, en düşük nem oranlarında yani %50 ve daha azı ile 900 hPa hava basıncı şartlar...

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Section: The Data Presented Insupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mikro Klima İklim Şartlarının Erkek Damızlık Domuzlardaki Ejekulasyon Kalitesine Etkileri

KOWALEWSKI¹,

Kondracki²,

Górski³

et al. 2015

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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“…Pigs are known to be inefficient at using sweat to cool their body during high ambient temperatures. Although cutaneous water loss over the general body surface appears to be similar to man and domestic species, the pig's ability to sweat is considerably limited (Ingram 1964(Ingram , 1965Einarsson et al 2008). Stone (1981) reported that the thermal characteristics of the testis and epididymis of conscious boars ranged from 35.0 C to 36.6 C and 35.0 C to 37.0 C, respectively.…”

Section: Effect Of Heat Stress On Boar Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting summer infertility in the pig: could heat stress-induced sperm DNA damage negatively affect early embryo development?

Peña

Gummow

Parker³

et al. 2017

Anim. Prod. Sci.

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Abstract.Temperature is a crucial factor in mammalian spermatogenesis. The scrotum, pampiniform plexus, and cremaster and dartos muscles in mammals are specific adaptations to ensure sperm production in a regulated environment 4À6 C below internal body temperature. However, the limited endogenous antioxidant systems inherent in mammalian spermatozoa compounded by the loss of cytosolic repair mechanisms during spermatogenesis, make the DNA in these cells particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Boar sperm is likely to be more susceptible to the effects of heat stress and thus oxidative damage due to the relatively high unsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane, low antioxidant capacity in boar seminal plasma, and the boar's non-pendulous scrotum. Heat stress has a significant negative impact on reproductive performance in piggeries, which manifests as summer infertility and results in productivity losses that amount to millions of dollars. This problem is particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions where ambient temperatures rise beyond the animal's zone of thermal comfort. Based on preliminary studies in the pig and other species, this article discusses whether heat stress could induce sufficient DNA damage in boar sperm to significantly contribute to the high rates of embryo loss and pregnancy failure observed in the sow during summer infertility. Heat stress-induced damage to sperm DNA can lead to disrupted expression of key developmental genes essential for the differentiation of early cell lineages, such as the trophectoderm, and can distort the timely formation of the blastocyst; resulting in a failure of implantation and ultimately pregnancy loss. Confirming such a link would prompt greater emphasis on boar management and strategies to mitigate summer infertility during periods of heat stress.

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“…These stresses negatively affect resistance to diseases such as diarrhea [24] and pneumonia [17], as well as the meat quality [26] and reproduction [6] in a variety of animals. Recently, guidelines for the handling, housing, and feeding of pigs and laying chickens with regard to animal welfare have been introduced in Japan (http://jlta.lin.gr.jp/ chikusan/aw/aw.html).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary IgA as a Useful Non-Invasive Marker for Restraint Stress in Pigs

et al. 2010

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ABSTRACT. In this study, we investigated the expression of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in porcine salivary gland and its relationship with restraint stress in pigs. IgA was expressed in plasma cells in pig salivary gland, as confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. IgA was also detected in pig saliva itself by ELISA, and salivary IgA levels were increased by a restraint stress. Moreover, there was a circadian rhythm of IgA over the course of a day. These results are the first evidence of IgA expression related to stress in the pig saliva and may make IgA useful as a non-invasive biological marker to evaluate acute stress condition in the pigs.KEY WORDS: IgA, non-invasive biomarker, restraint stress, saliva, salivary glands.

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Stress and its influence on reproduction in pigs: a review

Cited by 130 publications

References 61 publications

Mikro Klima İklim Şartlarının Erkek Damızlık Domuzlardaki Ejekulasyon Kalitesine Etkileri

Mikro Klima İklim Şartlarının Erkek Damızlık Domuzlardaki Ejekulasyon Kalitesine Etkileri

Revisiting summer infertility in the pig: could heat stress-induced sperm DNA damage negatively affect early embryo development?

Salivary IgA as a Useful Non-Invasive Marker for Restraint Stress in Pigs

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