Stress and Metabolism

Seematter, G.; Binnert, Christophe; Tappy, Luc

doi:10.1089/met.2005.3.8

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A single dose of salbutamol increases blood glucose levels during exercise (Le Panse et al 2007). Acute administration of pharmacologic doses of E elevates blood glucose and causes insulin resistance, leading to generalizations in the literature that stress and stress hormones such as E lead to the metabolic syndrome (Seematter et al 2005). However, our studies paint a more nuanced picture in which E, through b 2 -stimulation, can actually ameliorate the metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Chronic β2 adrenergic agonist, but not exercise, improves glucose handling in older type 2 diabetic mice

et al. 2012

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Insulin resistant type 2 diabetes mellitus in the obese elderly has become a worldwide epidemic. While exercise can prevent the onset of diabetes in young subjects its role in older diabetic people is less clear. Exercise stimulates the release of the β(2)-agonist epinephrine more in the young. Although epinephrine and β(2)-agonist drugs cause acute insulin resistance, their chronic effect on insulin sensitivity is unclear. We fed C57BL/6 mice a high fat diet to induce diabetes. These overweight animals became very insulin resistant. Exhaustive treadmill exercise 5 days a week for 8 weeks had no effect on their diabetes, nor did the β(2)-blocking drug ICI 118551. In contrast, exercise combined with the β(2)-agonist salbutamol (albuterol) had a beneficial effect on both glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after 4 and 8 weeks of exercise. The effect was durable and persisted 5 weeks after exercise and β(2)-agonist had stopped. To test whether β(2)-agonist alone was effective, the animals that had received β(2)-blockade were then given β(2)-agonist. Their response to a glucose challenge improved but their response to insulin was not significantly altered. The β(2)-agonists are commonly used to treat asthma and asthmatics have an increased incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although β(2)-agonists cause acute hyperglycemia, chronic treatment improves insulin sensitivity, probably by improving muscle glucose uptake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Chronic β2 adrenergic agonist, but not exercise, improves glucose handling in older type 2 diabetic mice

et al. 2012

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“…Epinephrine has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension [49,50] and insulin resistance [13,51,52]. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute administration of pharmacologic doses of epinephrine elevates systolic blood pressure and blood glucose and causes insulin resistance, leading to generalizations in the literature saying that stress and stress hormones such as epinephrine lead to the metabolic syndrome [13]. However, studies paint a more nuanced picture, in which epinephrine can actually ameliorate hypertensive stress responses.…”

Section: β 2 Adrenergic Mediation Of Cardiovascular Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epinephrine and the Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2011

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Epinephrine is the prototypical stress hormone. Its stimulation of all α and β adrenergic receptors elicits short-term systolic hypertension, hyperglycemia, and other aspects of the metabolic syndrome. Acute epinephrine infusion increases cardiac output and induces insulin resistance, but removal of the adrenal medulla has no consistent effect on blood pressure. Epinephrine is the most effective endogenous agonist at the β2 receptor. Transgenic mice that cannot make epinephrine and mice that lack the β2 receptor become hypertensive during exercise, presumably owing to the absence of β2-mediated vasodilatation. Epinephrine-deficient mice also have cardiac remodeling and poor cardiac responses to stress, but do not develop resting hypertension. Mice that cannot make epinephrine have a normal metabolism on a regular 14% fat diet but become hyperglycemic and insulin resistant when they eat a high fat diet. Vigorous exercise prevents diabetes in young mice and humans that overeat. However, exercise is a less effective treatment in older type 2 human diabetics and had no effect on glucose or insulin responses in older, diabetic mice. Sensitivity of the β2 receptor falls sharply with advancing age, and adrenal epinephrine release also decreases. However, treatment of older diabetic mice with a β2 adrenergic agonist improved insulin sensitivity, indicating that β2 subsensitivity can be overcome pharmacologically. Recent studies show that over the long term, epinephrine prevents hypertension during stress and improves glucose tolerance. The hyperglycemic influence of epinephrine is short-lived. Chronic administration of epinephrine and other β2 agonists improves cellular glucose uptake and metabolism. Overall, epinephrine counteracts the metabolic syndrome.

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“…또한, 우리나라에서 실 시된 심장 재활은 운동을 통해서 심실 기능, 최대 산소섭취량 및 운동 지속시간 등의 신체적 기능의 증가를 보여주고 있으나 (Bang et al, 2003;Choo, 2003b), 사회•심리적 영역에서는 효과를 보여주지 못한 것으로 나타나고 있어 사회•심리적 영 역이 포함된 중재가 꼭 필요함을 제시하고 있다 (Kim & Choi, 2006;Song & Lee, 2000). 최근, 고혈압 및 생명에 위협을 주 는 심질환의 가장 큰 원인으로 스트레스가 대두됨에 따라 (Rozanski, Blumenthal, & Kaplan, 1999;Seematter, Binnert, & Tappy, 2005;Vlastelica, 2008) 스트레스를 완화하고자 하 는 프로그램에 대한 효과가 입증되고 있어 (Grossman, Niemann, Schmidt, & Walach, 2004; …”

Section: 심혈관 질환의 위험을 줄일 수 있는 가장 중요한 중재는 73%unclassified

Analyses of Studies on Cardiac Rehabilitation for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Korea

Song

2009

J Korean Acad Nurs

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Purpose:This study was to analyze research reports published in Korea on cardiac rehabilitation for patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods: Based on inclusion criteria, 19 research reports were included in this review. Published year of selected articles was between 1996 and 2008. Nineteen studies were analyzed by guidelines of the cardiac rehabilitation programs done by the American Heart Association (AHA) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). Results: The characteristics of patients were mostly of ischemic heart disease, 50-59 yr old, and male. Educational sessions were administered twice, and each lesson lasted less than 30 min. Exercise was done 3 times per week for 6 weeks. Most educational content were about risk factors, but there was no information, such as coping with feelings. Most exercise was performed as ROM, treadmill, and cycle ergometer. A large percentage of outcome indicators were health behavior, hemodynamic changes, and exercise capacity. There was more 'no effect' than 'positive effect' in trait anxiety and depression, whereas similar in physiologic domain. Conclusion: Various types of cardiac rehabilitation in Korea were performed by researchers. Therefore, we need to develop the standard protocol, to add psychosocial intervention, and to study cost effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation. (Table 1). 각각 1편(7.7%)과 2편(15.4%)이었고, 무언급은 1편(7.7%)으로, 연구 방법

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Stress and Metabolism

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Chronic β2 adrenergic agonist, but not exercise, improves glucose handling in older type 2 diabetic mice

Chronic β2 adrenergic agonist, but not exercise, improves glucose handling in older type 2 diabetic mice

Epinephrine and the Metabolic Syndrome

Analyses of Studies on Cardiac Rehabilitation for Patients with Cardiovascular Disease in Korea

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