Stress and Obesity: Are There More Susceptible Individuals?

Valk, Eline S van der; Savas, Mesut; Rossum, Elisabeth F.C. van

doi:10.1007/s13679-018-0306-y

Cited by 247 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Disturbances in the body weight are often described in response to acute or chronic stress as well as to CORT treatment (for review, see: Harris, 2015;van der Valk et al, 2018). We observed a significant increase in the body weight of all mice but interestingly not in the group of NPSR−/− mice treated with 5 mg/kg CORT, i.e., the only group that expressed a generalized fear memory and decreased startle response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Corticosterone Treatment and Incubation Time After Contextual Fear Conditioning Synergistically Induce Fear Memory Generalization in Neuropeptide S Receptor-Deficient Mice

Kolodziejczyk

Fendt

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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Fear memory generalization is a learning mechanism that promotes flexible fear responses to novel situations. While fear generalization has adaptive value, overgeneralization of fear memory is a characteristic feature of the pathology of anxiety disorders. The neuropeptide S (NPS) receptor (NPSR) has been shown to be associated with anxiety disorders and has recently been identified as a promising target for treating anxiety disorders. Moreover, stress hormones play a role in regulating both physiological and pathological fear memories and might therefore also be involved in anxiety disorders. However, little is known about the interplay between stress hormone and the NPS system in the development of overgeneralized fear. Here, we hypothesize that NPSR-deficient mice with high corticosterone (CORT) levels during the fear memories consolidation are more prone to develop generalized fear. To address this hypothesis, NPSR-deficient mice were submitted to a contextual fear conditioning procedure. Immediately after conditioning, mice received CORT injections (2.5 or 5 mg/kg). One day and 1 month later, the mice were tested for the specificity and strength of their fear memory, their anxiety level, and their startle response. Moreover, CORT blood levels were monitored throughout the experiment. Using this protocol, a specific contextual fear memory was observed in all experimental groups, despite the 5-mg/kg CORTtreated NPSR-deficient mice. This group of mice showed a generalization of contextual fear memory and a decreased startle response, and the females of this group had significantly less body weight gain. These findings indicate that interplay between CORT and the NPS system during the consolidation of fear memories is critical for the generalization of contextual fear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Corticosterone Treatment and Incubation Time After Contextual Fear Conditioning Synergistically Induce Fear Memory Generalization in Neuropeptide S Receptor-Deficient Mice

Kolodziejczyk

Fendt

2020

Front. Neurosci.

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“…Cortisol is known to encourage redistribution of adipose tissue to the abdominal region and to increase appetite with a preference for energy-dense food [33]. Unfortunately, many factors in modern society, such as poor sleeping patterns and chronic stress, can directly influence the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis, and thereby contribute to metabolic disease [33]. Interestingly, vestibular stimulation is reported to exert positive influence on salivary cortisol levels in adults, infants and animals [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Cortisol and Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of vestibular stimulation on metabolism and body composition

2019

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Obesity, diabetes and metabolic disease represent an ongoing and rapidly worsening public health issue in both the developed, and much of the developing world. Although there are many factors that influence fat storage, it has been clearly demonstrated that the homeostatic cornerstone of metabolism lies within the hypothalamus. Moreover, neuronal damage to vital areas of the hypothalamus can drive reregulation or dysregulation of endocrine function, energy expenditure and appetite, thereby promoting a shift in overall metabolic function towards a state of obesity. Therefore, identification of treatments that influence the hypothalamus to improve obesity and associated metabolic diseases has long been a medical goal. Interestingly, evidence from animal studies suggests that activating the vestibular system, specifically the macular gravity receptor, influences the hypothalamus in a way that decreases body fat storage and causes a metabolic shift towards a leaner state. Given that the macular element of the vestibular system has been shown to activate with transdermal electrical stimulation applied to the mastoids, this may be a potential therapeutic approach for obesity, diabetes or related metabolic diseases, whereby repetitive stimulation of the vestibular system influences hypothalamic control of metabolic homeostasis, thereby encouraging decreased fat storage. Here, we present an up‐to‐date review of the current literature surrounding the vestibular influence of the hypothalamus and associated homeostatic sites in the context of current and novel therapeutic approaches for improved clinical management of obesity and diabetes.

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“…Emotional eating merupakan perilaku makan sebagai respon akibat tekanan dan dapat berdampak terhadap peningkatan asupan makan (overeating) atau penurunan asupan makan (undereating). Kondisi undereating dapat terjadi pada keadaan stres awal di mana kelenjar adrenal menghasilkan hormon adrenalin yang menekan nafsu makan (24). Sesuai dengan teori ini, responden mengaku cenderung tidak nafsu makan ketika merasakan emosi negatif.…”

Section: Hubungan Emotional Eating Dengan Status Giziunclassified

Hubungan tingkat stres, emotional eating, aktivitas fisik, dan persen lemak tubuh dengan status gizi pegawai Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Jakarta

Sukianto

Marjan

Fauziyah

2020

ilgi

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Latar Belakang: Salah satu indikator kesehatan utama suatu negara atau masyarakat adalah status gizi. Status gizi lebih dan obesitas dapat meningkatkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Pada tahun 2018, kasus gizi lebih meningkat menjadi 13,6% (11,5% pada tahun 2013) dan kasus obesitas menjadi 21,8% (14,8% pada tahun 2013). Berdasarkan kelompok pekerjaannya, pegawai menempati peringkat dua kelompok pekerjaan dengan prevalensi gizi lebih dan obesitas paling banyak, yaitu 30,8%. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat stress, emotional eating, aktivitas fisik, dan persen lemak tubuh dengan status gizi pegawai Universitas Pembangunan Nasional (UPN) “Veteran” Jakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Responden sebanyak 68, dipilih secara acak dengan teknik probability proportional sampling. Data identitas responden, tingkat stres, emotional eating, dan aktivitas fisik diambil melalui wawancara dengan panduan kuesioner (DASS-14, DEBQ-13, dan Baecke). Data antropometri (tinggi badan, berat badan, dan persen lemak tubuh) diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan uji Spearman Rank dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stres dan emotional eating dengan status gizi (p= 0,604; p=0,543). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dan persen lemak tubuh dengan status gizi (p=0,005; p=0,000). Aktivitas fisik memiliki korelasi negatif dan tingkat keeratan hubungan yang rendah dengan status gizi, sedangkan persen lemak tubuh memiliki korelasi positif dengan tingkat korelasi yang sempurna. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dan persen lemak tubuh dengan status gizi.

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Stress and Obesity: Are There More Susceptible Individuals?

Cited by 247 publications

References 111 publications

Corticosterone Treatment and Incubation Time After Contextual Fear Conditioning Synergistically Induce Fear Memory Generalization in Neuropeptide S Receptor-Deficient Mice

Corticosterone Treatment and Incubation Time After Contextual Fear Conditioning Synergistically Induce Fear Memory Generalization in Neuropeptide S Receptor-Deficient Mice

The influence of vestibular stimulation on metabolism and body composition

Hubungan tingkat stres, emotional eating, aktivitas fisik, dan persen lemak tubuh dengan status gizi pegawai Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Jakarta

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