“…Stress has long been recognized as both a fundamental component of human behavior and a significant problem to pilot training and performance (Curran & Wherry, 1965;Hale, Duffy, Ellis, & Williams, 1965;Hartman, 1973;Krahenbuhl, Constable, Darst, Marett, Reid, & Reuther. 1980;Krahenbuhl, Darst, Marett, Reuther, Constable, Swinford, & Reid, 1981;Krahenbuhl, Marett, & King, 1977;Krahonbuhl, Marett, & Seid, 1978;Melton, Hoffman, & Delafield, 1969;Melton. McKenzie, Kellin, Hoffmann, & Saldivar, 1975;and Sarviharju, Hluikk, Jouppila, & Kaerki, 1971).…”