“…Fairly many works have proposed topology optimization methods for situations where several of the aforementioned physical effects arise: convective heat transfer problems (involving coupled fluid and thermal equations, where the elastic response of the underlying structure is neglected) have been addressed using density methods [73,34,38,109,97,37,36,86,91], or variants of the level-set method [4,29,107]. Systems featuring interactions between a fluid and a solid phase, without taking thermal effects into account, have been studied in slightly fewer works, and in two space dimensions only [108,80,14,57,72,66]. Finally, the optimal design of thermoelastic structures has been tackled in [59,100,41,106,28,10].…”