Stress corrosion cracking behaviour of Al‐Li alloy 8090‐T8171 plate exposed to various synthetic environments

Abstract

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviour of 8090‐T8171 plate material was investigated in short transverse direction performing constant load tests and constant extension rate tests under permanent immersion conditions. At an applied stress of 100 MPa, smooth round tensile specimens were exposed to synthetic environments containing chlorides and various nonhalide anions. Environment‐induced cracking was not observed in aqueous solutions of 0.6 M NaCl, LiCl, NH4Cl, or MgCl2. In 0.6 M NaCl solutions containing 0.06 M Na2SO4 or Na3PO4, the SCC behaviour of 8090‐T8171 plate was similar to that observed in pure 0.6 M NaCl solution. Sodium chloride solutions with additions of nitrate, hydrogen carbonate, or carbonate promoted stress corrosion cracking. Threshold stresses below 100 MPa were obtained from constant load tests using the latter environments. When sodium sulfite or sodium hydrogen phosphate was added, values being 100 MPa or slightly higher were determined. Lithium and ammonium present as cations in mixed salt electrolytes accelerated SCC failure. Lithium chloride solutions containing nitrate, hydrogen carbonate, carbonate, or sulfite were highly conducive to stress corrosion cracking. Very low SCC resistance was found for alloy 8090‐T8171 exposed to synthetic environments with additions of ammonium salts. Constant extension rate tests were carried out using notched tensile specimens. Displacement rates were in the range 2 × 10−6 − 2 × 10−5 mms−1. Aqueous 0.6 M NaCl solutions with additions of 0.06 M NH4HCO3, (NH4)2SO4, or Li2CO3 promoted environment‐induced cracking with 8090‐T8171 plate, as indicated by severe degradation of notch strength. The constant extension rate testing technique did not indicate SCC susceptibility using sodium chloride solutions containing sodium sulfate or lithium sulfate. For specimens exposed to substitute ocean water a slight degradation of notch strength was found at the lowest displacement rate applied.

Microstructural and Corrosion Characteristics of Al-Fe Alloys Produced by High-Frequency Induction-Sintering Process

“…Once the amount of Fe was increased more than 10 wt.%, the dissolution of Fe decreased and ultimate tensile strength decreased [23]. Thus, it was suggested from the above literature that more than 10 wt.% Fe cannot be used to obtain a supersaturated solution of Al-Fe alloys for application.Al and their alloys are known to exhibit good corrosion resistance due to the development of an oxide layer on the surface [1,2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, coarse-grained Al exhibits uniform and pitting corrosion when immersed in acidic or harsh atmospheric conditions [12][13][14]27,30].…”

“…This could be due to the presence of less grain-boundary volume in coarse-grained materials than nanocrystalline materials [34,35]. Based on several earlier investigations, it was observed that the corrosion behavior of nanocrystalline materials is dependent on several factors, such as alloying element [25], manufacturing process [36,37], microstructure type [38,39] and environmental conditions [40,41].From the above literature, it was found that there is a lack of information on the effect of Fe addition in an Al matrix using a mechanical-alloying and sintering process in terms of morphological and corrosion characteristics. In the present study, we fabricated Al and Al-Fe alloys with the incorporation of 2 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 10 wt.% Fe using an MA technique followed by the sintering process.…”