Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of Nickel-Base Weld Metals in PWR Primary Water

Abstract

This discussion reviewed the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of alloys 182 and 82 weld metals in primary water (PWSCC) of pressurized water reactors (PWR) from both operating plants and laboratory experiments. Results from in-service experience showed that more than 340 Alloy 182/82 welds have sustained PWSCC. Most of these cases have been attributed to the presence of high residual stresses produced during the manufacture aside from the inherent tendency for Alloy 182/82 to sustain SCC. The affected welds were not subjected to a stress relief heat treatment with adjacent low alloy steel components. Results from laboratory studies indicated that time-to-cracking of Alloy 82 was a factor of 4 to 10 longer than that for Alloy 182. PWSCC depended strongly on the surface condition, surface residual stresses and surface cold work, which were consistent with the results of in-service failures. Improvements in the resistance of advanced weld metals, Alloys 152 and 52, to PWSCC were discussed.