Stress distribution and microgap formation in angulated zirconia abutments with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants: A 3D finite element analysis

Abstract

This in vitro study aimed to use failure stress and implant abutment interface (IAI) microgap size to find the compromised axial angle range of angulated zirconia abutments with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants in the esthetic region. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of maxillary central incisor implant prosthesis was reconstructed. Angulated zirconia abutments (0 , 15 , 30 , and À 15 ) with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants (3.3 Â 12 mm, Bone level, Roxolid SLActive, Straumann AG, Switzerland) were designed to simulate clinical scenarios of buccal inclination 0 , 15 , and 30 , and palatal inclination 15 of the implant long axis. Straight titanium abutment and pure titanium implant were used as two control groups. An oblique force at 30 inclination to the long axis of the crown was applied 3 mm below the incisal edge on the palatal surface of the prosthesis.Under simulated dynamic chewing force, the stress distribution of the implant components and surrounding bone were investigated. The relative micromotion displacement between the implant and abutment models at the IAI area was recorded, and the influence of tightening torque on the IAI microgap was evaluated. The angulation of the zirconia abutment could affect the stress value and IAI microgap of implant restorations. When the zirconia abutment angle increased from À15 to 30 , the stress on the central screw, titanium base, and surrounding bone tissue gradually increased by 9%, 20%, and 23%, respectively. The stress levels of the 30 zirconia abutment group showed the risk of exceeding the threshold. When the long axis of the implant was inclined in the palatal direction, the À15 angle abutment reduced the stress by 3% and reduced the strain level of the implant system by 17% and the surrounding bone tissue by 26%. Under simulated dynamic chewing load, the displacement between the implants and the abutment occurred in each group of the implant system, and the amplitude of the micromotion fluctuated with the change in Yuqiang Zhang and Ping Yu contributed equally to this article and should be regarded as co-first authors.

Influence of straight versus angulated screw channel titanium bases on failure loads of two‐piece ceramic and titanium implants restored with screw‐retained monolithic crowns: An in‐vitro study

“…As a shorter titanium base was used in this study for both the SSC and ASC samples, it can be concluded that a longer abutment height can lead to higher failure loads and bending moments. The rationale for using a short rather than a long abutment height was to further simulate a possible worst-case scenario with an unfavorable loading condition (Zhang, Yu, & Yu, 2022). titanium-zirconium implants and 650 N for two-piece zirconia implants (Hanes et al, 2022).…”

“…As a shorter titanium base was used in this study for both the SSC and ASC samples, it can be concluded that a longer abutment height can lead to higher failure loads and bending moments. The rationale for using a short rather than a long abutment height was to further simulate a possible worst‐case scenario with an unfavorable loading condition (Zhang, Yu, & Yu, 2022). Finite element analysis studies on titanium implants have shown that angulation and deviation from an ideal central implant position to the buccal side could affect stress distribution, leading to increased mechanical strain on the implant and restorative components, especially the prosthetic screw, titanium base neck, and upper cortical bone (Korkmaz & Kul, 2022; Zhang, Yu, & Yu, 2022).…”

The Impact of Implant Angulation on the Stress Distribution and Survival Rate of Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses: A Retrospective Study

“…The assessments have shown that different thread patterns influenced bone-to-implant contact and stress distribution, suggesting that thread pattern selection may play a role in implant success. The 3D FEA has been extensively used to compare the stress distribution of titanium and yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide abutments and implants, with the assessments suggesting that material selection may not significantly impact implant success [19][20][21].…”

Influence of horizontal forces on implants with different multi-unit abutment angulations: A finite element analysis

“…The popularity of MUA in full arch implant restoration can be attributed to its ability to completely eliminate the need for cement and elevate the restoration's edge in cases of height disparities, thus facilitating regular monitoring procedures [8,9]. Additionally, the angulations of the MUA can assist individuals with compromised intra-oral topography, such as those with teeth misalignments or uneven jaw bone, by offering 3-4 angle correction options ranging from 0° (straight) to 45° [10].…”