Stress exposure and generation: A conjoint longitudinal model of body dysmorphic symptoms, peer acceptance, popularity, and victimization

Webb, Haley J.; Zimmer‐Gembeck, Melanie J.; Mastro, Shawna

doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.010

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, those children with BDD symptoms reported more negative perceptions of peer acceptance over time than their non-BDD counterparts. This supports a possible bi-directional social stress model, because it suggest that as a result of early teasing, individuals with BDD may distort objectively innocuous social situations, thereby self-perpetuating social difficulties over time [23].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 66%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevalence of bullying in a pediatric sample of body dysmorphic disorder

Neziroglu

Borda

Khemlani-Patel

et al. 2018

Comprehensive Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about etiological factors in Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Cognitive behavioral and diathesis-stress models have implicated teasing and bullying as significant early environmental stressful triggers. Due to these implications, this study aimed to assess the emergence of BDD in children during early development, and to see if bullying experiences played a role in its development. A total of 219 children ages 7 to 10 were screened for psychopathology. Children were separated into four groups including a BDD group, an OCD group, a clinical control group (consisting of depressive disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and anxiety disorders not otherwise specified), and a non-clinical control group. Children were given questionnaires to evaluate their bullying and victimization experiences. It was hypothesized that children with BDD would experience more instances of victimization than children with OCD, clinical controls, and non-clinical controls. Contrary to the hypothesis, results indicated that children with BDD symptoms were significantly more likely to be perpetrators of bullying than the other groups [F (3, 27.082) = 17.892, p < .001]. In addition to scoring high on the bullying questionnaires, children with BDD scored high on victim questionnaires as well, suggesting a link between these two peer interpersonal conflicts. The results of this study suggest that bullying behavior might be an unknown characteristic in young children with emerging BDD pathology.

show abstract

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Of note, one recent study investigated self and peer reports of teasing and victimization in a childhood sample. [23]. Results indicated that greater peer victimization posed a risk for the escalation of symptoms congruent with BDD in the following year.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevalence of bullying in a pediatric sample of body dysmorphic disorder

Neziroglu

Borda

Khemlani-Patel

et al. 2018

Comprehensive Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At less clinically elevated levels, observer-reported attractiveness in early to middle adolescence has been found to show a weak negative association ( r = –.23) with body dissatisfaction, but this association became nonsignificant in late adolescence (Rosenblum & Lewis, 1999). A recent study of early adolescents found peer-rated attractiveness was not associated with concerns about appearance-based rejection by peers (Webb, Zimmer-Gembeck, & Mastro, 2016). In contrast, some studies have demonstrated positive associations between body size and appearance concerns among adolescents (Paxton, Eisenberg, & Neumark-Sztainer, 2006; Webb et al, 2015), including a study that found BMI to be significantly higher among a group of adolescents with a high level of BDD symptoms, compared to their healthier peers (Mastro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Predictors Of Growth In Appearance Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Girls’ and boys’ trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adolescents' appearance-related concerns can provoke increasing emotional, social, and eating-related problems. The aims of this five-wave (2.5-year), multiple-informant longitudinal study were to (a) examine growth trajectories of appearance anxiety symptoms and appearance esteem, (b) identify whether trajectories differed by gender, and (c) examine several launching factors including parent-reported physical maturation, peer-rated physical appearance, body mass index, and appearance teasing by parents and peers. Participants were 387 adolescents (44% boys) aged 10 to 13 years at the first assessment. Steep growth in appearance anxiety symptoms was found for both girls and boys, but there was no average change in appearance esteem. Girls had more elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and lower appearance esteem than boys, girls' body mass index was associated with symptoms, and earlier physical maturation and teasing about appearance, alone and in combination, were associated with growth in appearance anxiety symptoms for girls and boys. Earlier maturing boys who were highly teased by parents, but even more so when teased by peers, were at utmost risk for elevated appearance anxiety symptoms and increasing symptoms over time. In contrast, all girls exhibited elevated or increasing appearance anxiety symptoms across time, with the exception of girls with the latest maturation who also reported little teasing about their appearance.

show abstract

“… 26 Several recent studies have shown associations between self-reported appearance-related teasing and BDD symptoms in analogue samples 27 28 and clinical samples, 29 particularly when the teasing is by members of the opposite sex. 27 In one of the only longitudinal studies of environmental risk factors in BDD, peer victimisation in school students (as reported by the peer group) was prospectively associated with the development of BDD symptoms 12 months later, 30 in line with suggestions that experiences of bullying may play a causal role in BDD. Although further research is clearly needed, understanding the role of environmental risk factors could have important implications for the prevention and early intervention in BDD.…”

Section: What Causes Bdd?mentioning

confidence: 55%

Recent advances in understanding and managing body dysmorphic disorder

Krebs

Cruz

Mataix‐Cols

2017

Evid Based Mental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a relatively common and disabling psychiatric disorder characterised by excessive and persistent preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in one's appearance, which are unnoticeable to others, and associated repetitive behaviours (eg, mirror checking). The disorder generally starts in adolescence, but often goes unnoticed and is severely underdiagnosed. Left untreated, BDD typically persists and causes marked functional impairment in multiple domains. This clinical review considers recent advances in the epidemiology and classification of BDD, including its reclassification in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders under the new ‘Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorders’ chapter. Key issues in assessment are outlined including the use of validated screening instruments to minimise misdiagnosis and the importance of risk assessment in this population given the high rates of suicidality and inappropriate use of cosmetic treatments. In addition, current knowledge regarding the causes and mechanisms underlying BDD are summarised. The recommended treatments for BDD are outlined, namely cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Both CBT and pharmacotherapy have been shown to be efficacious treatments for BDD in adult populations, and evidence is emerging to support their use in young people. Although the majority of patients improve with existing evidence-based treatment, a large proportion are left with clinically significant residual symptoms. Priorities for future research are therefore discussed including the need to further refine and evaluate existing interventions with the goal of improving treatment outcomes and to increase their availability.

show abstract

Stress exposure and generation: A conjoint longitudinal model of body dysmorphic symptoms, peer acceptance, popularity, and victimization

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of bullying in a pediatric sample of body dysmorphic disorder

Prevalence of bullying in a pediatric sample of body dysmorphic disorder

Girls’ and boys’ trajectories of appearance anxiety from age 10 to 15 years are associated with earlier maturation and appearance-related teasing

Recent advances in understanding and managing body dysmorphic disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About