Stress fields around magma chambers influenced by elastic thermo-mechanical deformation: implications for forecasting chamber failure

Browning, John; Karaoğlu, Özgür; Bayer, Özgür; Turgay, Metin Bilgehan; Acocella, Valerio

doi:10.1007/s00445-021-01471-2

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A steady‐state temperature field, composed of a background geothermal gradient and the thermal perturbation owing to the modeled reservoir, is used to determine the viscosity distribution within the crust. This study specifically isolates the temporal stress response due to the non‐uniform crustal viscosity, and so does not include thermo‐elastic effects, such as thermal expansion of the surrounding rock (e.g., Browning et al., 2021) or temperature‐dependence of the elastic parameters (e.g., Bakker et al., 2016; Gregg et al., 2012).…”

Section: Numerical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Controls on Magma Reservoir Failure in a Thermo‐Viscoelastic Crust

et al. 2022

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As volcanoes undergo unrest, understanding the conditions and timescales required for magma reservoir failure, and the links to geodetic observations, are critical when evaluating the potential for magma migration to the surface and eruption. Inferring the dynamics of a pressurized magmatic system from episodes of surface deformation is heavily reliant on the assumed crustal rheology, typically represented by an elastic medium. Here, we use Finite Element models to identify the rheological response to reservoir pressurization within a temperature‐dependent Standard Linear Solid viscoelastic (“thermo‐viscoelastic”) domain. We assess the mechanical stability of a deforming reservoir by evaluating the overpressures required to initiate brittle failure along the reservoir wall, and the sensitivity to key parameters. Reservoir inflation facilitates compression of the ductile wall rock, due to the non‐uniform crustal viscosity, impacting the temporal evolution of the induced tensile stress. Thermo‐viscoelasticity enables a deforming reservoir to sustain greater overpressures prior to failure, compared to elastic analyses. High‐temperature (e.g., mafic) reservoirs fail at lower overpressures compared to low‐temperature (e.g., felsic) reservoirs, producing smaller coincident displacements at the ground surface. The impact of thermo‐viscoelasticity on reservoir failure is significant across a wide range of overpressure loading rates. By resisting mechanical failure on the reservoir wall, thermo‐viscoelasticity impacts dyke nucleation and formation of shear fractures. Numerical models may need to incorporate additional processes that act to promote failure, such as regional stresses (e.g., topographic and tectonic), external triggers (e.g., earthquake stress drops), or pre‐existing weaknesses along the reservoir wall.

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Section: Numerical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Controls on Magma Reservoir Failure in a Thermo‐Viscoelastic Crust

et al. 2022

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“…The first textbooks that explicitly define the discipline of volcanotectonics were published only in the past decade (Gudmundsson 2011(Gudmundsson , 2020Acocella 2021). This is a testament to the discipline's novelty.…”

Section: Recent Events That Have Shaped Volcanotectonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to well-known and long-studied earthquake swarms and deformation signals, some volcanoes provide thermal signals that may appear years or decades before eruptions (Girona et al 2021). These signals need to be linked with thermo-mechanical deformation processes that lead to seismogenic rock failure (Browning et al 2021). The potential effects of earthquakes, particularly large ones, on nearby volcanoes need to be further explored (Manga and Brodsky 2006;Namiki et al 2016;Seropian et al 2021).…”

Section: Volcanotectonics In 2030mentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanotectonics: the tectonics and physics of volcanoes and their eruption mechanics

et al. 2022

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The physical processes that operate within, and beneath, a volcano control the frequency, duration, location and size of volcanic eruptions. Volcanotectonics focuses on such processes, combining techniques, data, and ideas from structural geology, tectonics, volcano deformation, physical volcanology, seismology, petrology, rock and fracture mechanics and classical physics. A central aim of volcanotectonics is to provide sufficient understanding of the internal processes in volcanoes so that, when combined with monitoring data, reliable forecasting of eruptions, vertical (caldera) and lateral (landslide) collapses and related events becomes possible. To gain such an understanding requires knowledge of the material properties of the magma and the crustal rocks, as well as the associated stress fields, and their evolution. The local stress field depends on the properties of the layers that constitute the volcano and, in particular, the geometric development of its shallow magma chamber. During this decade an increasing use of data from InSAR, pixel offset and structure-from-motion, as well as dense, portable seismic networks will provide further details on the mechanisms of volcanic unrest, magma-chamber rupture, the propagation of magma-filled fractures (dikes, inclined sheets and sills) and lateral and vertical collapse. Additionally, more use will be made of accurate quantitative data from fossil and active volcanoes, combined with realistic numerical, analytical and machine-learning studies, so as to provide reliable models on volcano behaviour and eruption forecasting.

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“…We assume 'pure' 𝞓P and 𝞓V endmembers to focus on first-order differences, whereas there is likely mixed-mode deformation and dynamical relationships between the two (Gregg et al, 2013). Similar FEA model formulations to those employed here have been widely applied in volcano geodetic modelling (Grosfils, 2007;Currenti et al, 2008;Del Negro et al, 2009;Geyer and Gottsmann, 2010;Hautmann et al, 2010;Gregg et al, 2012Gregg et al, , 2013Hickey et al, 2013;Pascal et al, 2013;Currenti and Williams, 2014;Gottsmann and Odbert, 2014;Hickey and Gottsmann, 2014;Gregg et al, 2015;Hickey et al, 2015Hickey et al, , 2016Gottsmann et al, 2017;Gregg et al, 2018;Head et al, 2019;Morales Rivera et al, 2019;Cabaniss et al, 2020;Gottsmann et al, 2020;Hickey et al, 2020;Browning et al, 2021;Head et al, 2021;Taylor et al, 2021;Zhan et al, 2022). Other modelling methods couple solid and fluid mechanics in poroelastic (Liao et al, 2018) or poroviscoelastic setups (Liao et al, 2021), but there are currently insufficient observations (e.g., hydraulic properties of the magmatic reservoir/mush) to be able to robustly parameterise such a model at SHV.…”

Section: Model Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magma pressurization sustains ongoing eruptive episode at dome-building Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat

Hickey

Pascal

Head

et al. 2022

Geology

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Dome-building volcanoes, where long-term eruptive episodes can be interspersed with periods of intra-eruptive repose, are particularly challenging for volcanic hazard assessment. Defining the end of eruptive episodes is vitally important for the socioeconomic recovery of affected communities but highly problematic due to the potential for rapid transition from prolonged, seemingly low-risk repose to dangerous effusive or explosive activity. It is currently unclear what constitutes the end of repose and an eruptive episode. We show that analysis of surface deformation can characterize repose and help define an eruptive episode. At Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, the long-term post–2010 deformation at 12 continuous GPS stations requires the pressure in the magma system to have increased with time; time-dependent stress relaxation or crustal creep cannot explain the deformation trends alone. Continued pressurization within the magmatic system during repose could initiate a renewed eruption, qualifying as sustained unrest and therefore continuation of the eruptive episode. For Soufrière Hills volcano, persistent magma pressurization highlights the need for sustained vigilance in the monitoring and management of the volcano and its surroundings, despite the last eruptive activity ending in 2010. Our results show promise for application to other dome-building volcanoes.

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Stress fields around magma chambers influenced by elastic thermo-mechanical deformation: implications for forecasting chamber failure

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Rheological Controls on Magma Reservoir Failure in a Thermo‐Viscoelastic Crust

Rheological Controls on Magma Reservoir Failure in a Thermo‐Viscoelastic Crust

Volcanotectonics: the tectonics and physics of volcanoes and their eruption mechanics

Magma pressurization sustains ongoing eruptive episode at dome-building Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat

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