Stress Hormonal Factors, Fatigue, and Antioxidant Responses to Prolonged Speed Driving

Tsopanakis, Christi; Tsopanakis, A

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(98)00037-9

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In other words, the worse the body is adapted for exercise tolerance, the more significantly the urea nitrogen level increases. 18) The muscle produces plenty of lactic acid when it obtains enough energy from anaerobic glycolysis almost at the same time when doing high-intensity exercise. Furthermore, the increase of lactic acid level will bring about a reduction of pH in muscle tissue and blood, and also induce many side effects of various biochemical and physiological processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-fatigue Effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in Mice by Intranasally Administration

Tang

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

100

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20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3) has shown multiple pharmacological activities and been considered as one of the most promising approaches for fatigue treatment. However, 20(R)-Rg3 has a low bioavailability after oral administration in human due to the first-pass effect. Recently, nasal route has gained increasing interest as it can avoid first-pass effect for its lower enzymatic activity compared with the gastrointestinal tract and liver. In order to provide an animal experimental evidence of 20(R)-Rg3 intranasal administrated preparation, the antifatigue effect of 20(R)-Rg3 after intranasal administration was investigated. Two weeks after 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 was administrated intranasally to mice at three different doses, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Rg3 was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters related to fatigue, such as serum urea nitrogen (SUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood lactic acid (LA) and hepatic glycogen. The results showed that compared with the negative control group, the intermediate-dose and the high-dose groups significantly prolonged the weight-loaded swimming time (pϽ0.05; pϽ0.01), and also increased the hepatic glycogen levels (pϽ0.05); SUN levels were decreased considerably in three 20(R)-Rg3-treated groups (pϽ0.01). In addition, the low-dose group obviously decreased the content of blood LA (pϽ0.05). However, the levels of LDH, SOD and MDA did not show a significant change. Our results predicted a benefit of 20(R)-Rg3 as an anti-fatigue treatment by intranasal administration. The mechanism was related to the increase of the storage of hepatic glycogen, and the decrease of the accumulation of metabolite such as lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-fatigue Effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in Mice by Intranasally Administration

Tang

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2008

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

100

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“…Various conditions, including illnesses [7][8][9], demanding physical tasks [10], the metabolism following a fat meal [11•], and aging [12] are associated with an increased oxidative stress and put to test our antioxidant reserves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants and coronary artery disease

Catapano

Tragni

1999

Curr Atheroscler Rep

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The protective role of antioxidants in experimental models of atherosclerosis is only partially confirmed by studies in man. Observational and epidemiologic data, as well as randomized trials failed to provide clear cut indications, because of mixed results on the protective role of antioxidants against cardiovascular diseases. In spite of the lack of a general consensus, recent data reinforce the concept that a regular intake of antioxidants present in food limits the progression of atherosclerosis. When it will be possible to monitor the efficacy of any antioxidant therapy with validated markers of oxidation, the potential influence of vitamins and antioxidants on coronary artery disease may eventually be resolved.

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“…A link has been found between exercise-induced cortisol increase, muscle enzyme levels and antioxidant systems [45]. Moreover, oxidative stress is increased in genetic syndromes with hypoadrenalism, such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, a hereditary disorder of peroxisomal metabolism biochemically characterized by the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids, particularly hexacosanoic and tetracosanoic acids in different tissues and in biological fluids [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antioxidant systems in pituitary-adrenal axis diseases

et al. 2009

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The role of adrenal steroids in antioxidant regulation is not known. Previously, we demonstrated some Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) alterations in pituitary diseases, which can induce complex pictures due to alterations of different endocrine axes. Therefore we determined CoQ(10) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in pituitary-dependent adrenal diseases: 6 subjects with ACTH-dependent adrenal hyperplasia (AH); 19 with secondary isolated hypoadrenalism (IH), 19 with associated hypothyroidism (multiple pituitary deficiencies, MPH). CoQ(10) was assayed by HPLC; TAC by the system metmyoglobin-H(2)O(2), which, interacting with the chromogenous 2,2(I)-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate), generates a spectroscopically revealed radical compound after a latency time (Lag) proportional to the antioxidant content. CoQ(10) levels were significantly lower in IH than AH and MPH, with a similar trend when adjusted for cholesterol. Also TAC was lower in IH than in AH and MPH, suggesting that adrenal hormones can influence antioxidants. However, since thyroid hormones modulate CoQ(10) levels and metabolism, when thyroid deficiency coexists it seems to play a prevalent influence.

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Stress Hormonal Factors, Fatigue, and Antioxidant Responses to Prolonged Speed Driving

Cited by 52 publications

References 24 publications

The Anti-fatigue Effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in Mice by Intranasally Administration

The Anti-fatigue Effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in Mice by Intranasally Administration

Antioxidants and coronary artery disease

Evaluation of antioxidant systems in pituitary-adrenal axis diseases

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