Stress hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients

Abstract

Stress hyperglycemia is a physiological defense mechanism that manifests itself in an increase in glycemia in acute distress. Despite the fact that the presence of this phenomenon and its adverse effects on the body are not in doubt, there are still no algorithms for intraoperative management of patients without a history of diabetes mellitus: mandatory control of glycemia, frequency of control, intervention points for glucose, optimal insulin therapy regimen, methods for leveling glucose levels. This review discusses the definitions of stress hypoglycemia, pathogenesis, its effect on the human body, cut-off for glucose, predictors of hyperglycemia and possible ways to prevent adverse effects.