Stress-Induced Intensification of Deoxyshikonin Production in Rindera graeca Hairy Root Cultures with Ester-Based Scaffolds

Abstract

In vitro plant cell and tissue culture systems allow for controlling a wide range of culture environmental factors selectively influencing biomass growth and the yield of secondary metabolites. Among the most efficient methods, complex supplementation of the culture medium with elicitors, precursors, and other functional substances may significantly enhance valuable metabolite productivity through a stress induction mechanism. In the search for novel techniques in plant experimental biotechnology, the goal of the study was to evaluate stress-inducing properties of novel biodegradable ester-based scaffolds made of poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) influencing on the growth and deoxyshikonin productivity of Rindera graeca hairy roots immobilized on the experimental constructs. Rindera graeca hairy roots were maintained under the dark condition for 28 days in three independent systems, i.e., (i) non-immobilized biomass (a reference system), (ii) biomass immobilized on PGS scaffolds, and (iii) biomass immobilized on PLA scaffolds. The stress-inducing properties of the applied polymerized esters selectively impacted R. graeca hairy roots. The PGS scaffolds caused the production of deoxyshikonin, which does not occur in other culture systems, and PLA promoted biomass proliferation by doubling its increase compared to the reference system.

Electron-Induced Alteration of PLA Chain Structure

“…Details of band assignments are given in Table . Similar results for neat PLA have also been found by other researchers. − However, in Figure b, for the low-, medium-, and high-crystalline PLAs that were irradiated at 250 kGy with 80 °C (0-T80D250, 5-T80D250, and 20-T80D250), the vibrations at 2922 and 2852 cm –1 become much stronger than those of their neat counterparts. Concerning the thermo-oxidative degradation, which will not lead to a −CH 2 – group vibration enhancement in the wavenumber range of 3040 to 2800 cm –1 , the increase of −CH 2 – group vibration at 2922 and 2852 cm –1 is unlikely to be attributed to the chain scission caused by the small amount of residual oxygen (we irradiated under nitrogen) or elevated temperature during irradiation .…”

Effect of Silica Xerogel Functionalization on Intensification of Rindera graeca Transgenic Roots Proliferation and Boosting Naphthoquinone Production

“…One of the practical bioengineering techniques widely recognized as a high-potential solution for the intensification of secondary plant metabolite production is in situ extraction [16][17][18][19]. Moreover, such a technique also provides a favorable microenvironment for the de novo production of secondary metabolites, which do not occur in the natural environment [20][21][22][23].…”

Poly-Glutamic Acid Promotes the Growth and the Accumulation of Main Medicinal Components in Salvia miltiorrhiza

“…It has been documented that the application of biopolymers in plant or plant organ cultures could improve plant growth and the accumulation of medicinal components [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Chang et al [24] showed that biopolymer polylactic acid (PLA) stimulated the growth of soybeans.…”

“…Patil et al [27] reported that different biopolymers, agar, cellulose, alginate, psyllium gaur gum, and bacterial exopolysaccharide (EPS), all improved the seedling growth of Gossypium herbaceum L. Zagzog et al [29] also demonstrated that chitosan improved the vegetative growth of mangos. Wierzchowski et al [23] found that PLA could promote biomass proliferation of Rindera graeca hairy root. Additionally, previous studies have also proved that biopolymers could also improve the accumulation of medicinal components in the culture of plant hairy root [19][20][21][22][23]25,26].…”

“…Wierzchowski et al [23] found that PLA could promote biomass proliferation of Rindera graeca hairy root. Additionally, previous studies have also proved that biopolymers could also improve the accumulation of medicinal components in the culture of plant hairy root [19][20][21][22][23]25,26]. Kawka et al [21] showed that polyurethane foam (PUF) enhanced rinderol production in R. graeca hairy root.…”