Stress-induced lipids are unsuitable as a direct biodiesel feedstock: A case study with Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Shekh, Ajam; Shrivastava, Preeti; Krishnamurthi, Kannan; Mudliar, Sandeep N.; Devi, Sivanesan Saravana; Kanade, Gajanan S.; Lokhande, Satish K.; Chakrabarti, Tapan

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.010

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The limit of SV has not been specified in the biodiesel standards. Table shows that SV of biodiesel from the oils of this alga cultivated in different conditions was in the range 197.5–200.8 mg KOH g −1 oil, which were similar to those reported by Shekh et al …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Growing Chlorella vulgaris on mixed wastewaters for biodiesel feedstock production and nutrient removal

Deng

Gao

Addy

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND Large water footprint and nutrients demand are two of the major issues during microalgae cultivation. In this study, anaerobically digested swine manure was mixed with centrate at different minimal dilution multiples (2×, 3×, 4×, 6× and 8×), which was used as media to cultivate Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX 2714) for reducing the production cost of algae cultivation and balancing the nutrient profiles of culture media. RESULTS Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX 2714) grew well on the mixed wastewaters with a biomass productivity of 132.2 to 440.3 mg L−1 d−1. Nutrients in the mixed wastewaters were removed effectively by this alga, and the removal efficiencies of ammonium (NH4+‐N), total nitrogen (TN), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (TP) ranged from 98.3, 46.9, 30.2 and 21.8 to 99.3, 71.4, 42.2 and 80.4%, respectively. Additionally, chemical compositions, such as pigments, carbohydrate, protein and lipids, in this alga varied with the change of dilution multiple due to the different nutrient profiles of culture media. Predicted properties of biodiesel from the oils of this alga satisfied the specifications of biodiesel, ASTM D6751‐08 and EN 14214 standards. CONCLUSION Biomass of C. vulgaris (UTEX 2714) can be used as a good‐quality feedstock for biodiesel production when grown on mixed wastewaters. This novel integration of using mixed wastewaters to cultivate microalgae would be an effective way to reduce the production cost of algal biomass. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Growing Chlorella vulgaris on mixed wastewaters for biodiesel feedstock production and nutrient removal

Deng

Gao

Addy

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Biodiesel quality (fuel characteristics) such as saponification value (SV), cetane number (CN), iodine value (IV), long chain saturated factor (LCSF) and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) were determined based on the fatty acid composition of microalgal strains using empirical Equations (7)e(11) described by Shekh et al [5]; Ramos et al [24]; Fransisco et al [25] and Talebi et al [26]. …”

Section: Evaluation Of Biodiesel Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Characterization of fatty acids in microalgae is important since certain key fuel parameters such as cetane number (ignition quality) and cold flow properties are directly dependent upon the fatty acid profile [4]. Many bioprospection studies on microalgae involve lipid/fatty acid quantification overlooking the quality criteria [5] which is very essential in determining the utility of lipid as biofuel substrate. Therefore, profiling microalgal species for their fatty acid composition becomes necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of fatty acids and hydrocarbons of chlorophycean microalgae towards their use as biofuel source

Srivatsan

VenuGopal

Swarnalatha

et al. 2015

Biomass and Bioenergy

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“…As such, PUFA-rich TAGs might donate specific compounds necessary to rapidly reorganize membranes through adaptive metabolic responses to sudden changes in environmental conditions (Khozin-Goldberg and Cohen 2006). However, a recent study showed that PUFA content in lipids can negatively impact biodiesel quality based upon lipids from Chlorella pyrenoidosa (Shekh et al 2013), and this result suggests that lipid composition, and not just amounts, should be considered. In either case, lipid is an energy-rich storage compound that can be chemically transesterified to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), the biological equivalent to diesel fuel (a.k.a., biodiesel).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and resources: importance of nutrients, resource allocation, and ecology in microalgal cultivation for lipid accumulation

Fields

Hise

Lohman

et al. 2014

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

121

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Regardless of current market conditions and availability of conventional petroleum sources, alternatives are needed to circumvent future economic and environmental impacts from continued exploration and harvesting of conventional hydrocarbons. Diatoms and green algae (microalgae) are eukaryotic photoautotrophs that can utilize inorganic carbon (e.g., CO2) as a carbon source and sunlight as an energy source, and many microalgae can store carbon and energy in the form of neutral lipids. In addition to accumulating useful precursors for biofuels and chemical feed stocks, the use of autotrophic microorganisms can further contribute to reduced CO2 emissions through utilization of atmospheric CO2. Because of the inherent connection between carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in biological systems, macronutrient deprivation has been proven to significantly enhance lipid accumulation in different diatom and algae species. However, much work is needed to understand the link between carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in controlling resource allocation at different levels of biological resolution (cellular versus ecological). An improved understanding of the relationship between the effects of N, P, and micronutrient availability on carbon resource allocation (cell growth versus lipid storage) in microalgae is needed in conjunction with life cycle analysis. This mini-review will briefly discuss the current literature on the use of nutrient deprivation and other conditions to control and optimize microalgal growth in the context of cell and lipid accumulation for scale-up processes.

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Stress-induced lipids are unsuitable as a direct biodiesel feedstock: A case study with Chlorella pyrenoidosa

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Growing Chlorella vulgaris on mixed wastewaters for biodiesel feedstock production and nutrient removal

Growing Chlorella vulgaris on mixed wastewaters for biodiesel feedstock production and nutrient removal

Characterization of fatty acids and hydrocarbons of chlorophycean microalgae towards their use as biofuel source

Sources and resources: importance of nutrients, resource allocation, and ecology in microalgal cultivation for lipid accumulation

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