Stress induced nitrogen diffusion during nitriding of austenitic stainless steel

Galdikas, Arvaidas; Moskaliovienė, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.10.018

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The effect of residual stress on the nitrogen concentration profile was also recognized by Galdikas and Moskalioviene. They modelled the influence of a residual stress gradient on the concentration profile for the case of a constant as well as for a composition-dependent diffusion coefficient, assuming that the lattice misfit associated with nitrogen dissolution is elastically accommodated [15,16] . In their model a linear relation between residual stress and nitrogen concentration profile was assumed.…”

Section: Figure 1 -Typical Shape Of Measured Concentration-depth Profmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the evolution of composition-and stress-depth profiles in austenitic stainless steels during low-temperature nitriding

Jespersen¹,

Hattel²,

Somers³

2016

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Nitriding of stainless steel causes a surface zone of expanded austenite, which improves the wear resistance of the stainless steel while preserving the stainless behavior. During nitriding huge residual stresses are introduced in the treated zone, arising from the volume expansion that accompanies the dissolution of high nitrogen contents in expanded austenite.An intriguing phenomenon during low-temperature nitriding is that the residual stresses evoked by dissolution of nitrogen in the solid state, affect the thermodynamics and the diffusion kinetics of nitrogen dissolution. In the present paper solid mechanics was combined with thermodynamics and diffusion kinetics to simulate the evolution of composition-depth and stress-depth profiles resulting from nitriding. The model takes into account a composition-dependent diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in expanded austenite, short range ordering (trapping) of nitrogen atoms by chromium atoms, and the effect of composition-induced stress on surface concentration and diffusive flux. The effect of plasticity and concentrationdependence of the yield stress was also included.

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Section: Figure 1 -Typical Shape Of Measured Concentration-depth Profmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the evolution of composition-and stress-depth profiles in austenitic stainless steels during low-temperature nitriding

Jespersen¹,

Hattel²,

Somers³

2016

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…This may be ascribed to the difference in partial molar volume between carbon in expanded austenite and nitrogen in expanded austenite. The value of the partial molar volume of carbon in expanded austenite used in this work is only about one-tenth of that nitrogen in expanded austenite used by Galdikas et al However, according to the research results of Christiansen et al [27,32], the value of the partial molar volume of nitrogen in expanded austenite cannot be as large as that used in the works of Galdikas et al [30,31]. Furthermore, the surface carbon concentration was lower due to the presence of the composition-induced compressive stress gradient.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…However, this accelerating effect is not pronounced. Compared to the stress-induced nitrogen diffusion in the nitrogen expanded austenite modeled by Galdikas et al [30,31], the role of the composition-induced compressive stress gradient in carbon diffusion is much weaker than in nitrogen diffusion. This may be ascribed to the difference in partial molar volume between carbon in expanded austenite and nitrogen in expanded austenite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Numerical Analysis of Stress Gradient and Traps Effects on Carbon Diffusion in AISI 316L during Low Temperature Gas Phase Carburization

Peng

Gong

Chen

et al. 2018

Metals

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In order to elucidate the roles of the composition-induced stress gradient and the traps formed by chromium atoms in carbon diffusion in AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel during low temperature gas phase carburization, the carbon concentration-depth profiles were analyzed by a diffusion model considering the composition-induced stress gradient and the trapping effect. The results show that the carbon concentration-depth profiles calculated by this model show good agreement with the experimental results. The composition-induced compressive stress gradient can enhance the carbon diffusion but reduce the surface carbon concentration; these effects are not pronounced. Carbon atoms prefer to occupy the trap sites, and the detrapping activation energy (Q t = 33 kJ•mol −1) was deduced from fitting the experimental carbon concentration-depth profile. Furthermore, this applied diffusion model can be used to interpret the enhanced carbon diffusion in low temperature carburized AISI 316L.

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“…The main factor that causes this substantial difference in the experimental results is most often represented by the ion current den sity. Therefore, the models of nitriding based on the dif fusion of nitrogen atoms under the internal stresses that appear during the introduction of nitrogen in the crystal lattice of a nitrided material have recently been exten sively developed [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the electron beam and ion flux parameters on the rate of plasma nitriding of an austenitic stainless steel

Гаврилов

Men’shakov

2012

Tech. Phys.

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The method of nitriding of metals in an electron beam plasma is used to change the current density and energy of nitrogen ions by varying the electron beam parameters (5-20 A, 60-500 eV). An electron beam is generated by an electron source based on a self heated hollow cathode discharge. Stainless steel 12Kh18N10T is saturated by nitrogen at 500°C for 1 h. The microhardness is measured on transverse polished sections to obtain the dependences of the nitrided layer thickness on the ion current density (1.6-6.2 mA/cm 2 ), the ion energy (100-300 eV), and the nitrogen-argon mixture pressure (1-10 Pa). The layer thickness decreases by 4-5 µm when the ion energy increases by 100 V and increases from 19 to 33 µm when the ion current density increases. The pressure dependence of the layer thickness has a maximum. These results are in conflict with the conclusions of the theory of the limitation of the layer thickness by ion sputtering, and the effective diffusion coefficient significantly exceeds the well known reported data.

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Stress induced nitrogen diffusion during nitriding of austenitic stainless steel

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Modelling the evolution of composition-and stress-depth profiles in austenitic stainless steels during low-temperature nitriding

Modelling the evolution of composition-and stress-depth profiles in austenitic stainless steels during low-temperature nitriding

Numerical Analysis of Stress Gradient and Traps Effects on Carbon Diffusion in AISI 316L during Low Temperature Gas Phase Carburization

Effect of the electron beam and ion flux parameters on the rate of plasma nitriding of an austenitic stainless steel

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