Stress-Induced Visceral Pain: Toward Animal Models of Irritable-Bowel Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities

Moloney, Rachel D.; O’Mahony, Siobhain M.; Dinan, Timothy G.; Cryan, John F.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00015

Cited by 135 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 523 publications

(527 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We also noted a decrease in Crhr1 mRNA levels in both the hippocampus and amygdala of antibiotic treated rodents. Crhr1 in the CNS is implicated in stress-related alterations of both anxiety and depressive behaviours along with autonomic and visceral functions (Moloney et al, 2015b;Taché, 2015). Interestingly, Crhr1 signaling mediates hypersensitivity to colorectal distinction in animal models such as stress during early-life, prolonged psychological stress and even chronic anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic gut microbiota depletion during adulthood in the rat

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic gut microbiota depletion during adulthood in the rat

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…144 The microbiota is able to produce GABA. The major GABA producing microorganisms are lactic acid bacteria.…”

Section: Gut-brain Signaling -The Gut Brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Raskov¹,

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder and it is now evident that irritable bowel syndrome is a multi-factorial complex of changes in microbiota and immunology. The bidirectional neurohumoral integrated communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system is called the gut-brain-axis, which integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weight. The gut-brain-axis has a central function in the perpetuation of irritable bowel syndrome and the microbiota plays a critical role. The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome, influence of microbiota, probiota, gut-brainaxis, and possible treatment modalities on irritable bowel syndrome. The integrated actions and communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system are central players in the perpetuation of IBS symptoms. This signaling pathway is called the GutBrain Axis (GBA). The GBA is a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system that integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weightand here the microbiota plays a critical role. 2Changes in gastrointestinal or central nervous system physiology may result in an altered habitat, which again may cause changes in the composition of the microbiota.Disruption of the physiologic symbiotic relationship (eubiosis) between the human host and the microbiota is called dysbiosis and is regarded a basic factor for initiating and maintaining IBS in the majority of patients. Current evidence has suggested that the dysbiosis observed in IBS and the resulting immunological response may drive and perpetuate gastrointestinal symptoms of IBS suggesting that IBS is in fact a disorder of the microbiota and the GBA. It is unclear whether the initiating factor is brain abnormalities that drive the gut changes or if changes in the gut alter brain function through vagal and sympathetic pathways.3,4 The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the influence of microbiota and gut-brain-axis on IBS. IBSIt is estimated that approximately 10% of the World population and 15% of the population in the Western World suffer from IBS characterized by a mixture of recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, changing stool consistency such as diarrhea (IBS-D), constipation (IBS-C), or interchanging diarrhea and constipation (mixed-type or IBS-M), mucus secretion, and nausea. 5,6 Community-based data indicate that IBS-M is the most prevalent type followed by IBS-D and IBS-C and that switching among subtypes occurs. Bloating is the most prevalent symptom reported by 96% of patients with IBS of whatever subgroup. 7 In addition to abdominal symptoms, poor sleep, headache, CONTACT Hans Raskov raskov@mail.dk Lundevangsvej 23, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/kgmi.

show abstract

“…Glutamate, gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA), and epigenetic mechanisms also play roles in the CNS, regulating the pathophysiology of IBS, as has been reviewed by Moloney. 13 We aimed to evaluate intestinal motor function in CAS rats in concert with morphological changes in SMP and MP in the distal ileum of the model. The results from these studies have been published in abstract form.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Enteric Neurons of Small Intestine in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea

Fei

Fang

et al. 2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/AimsPhysical and/or emotional stresses are important factors in the exacerbation of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several lines of evidence support that a major impact of stress on the gastrointestinal tract occurs via the enteric nervous system. We aimed to evaluate histological changes in the submucosal plexus (SMP) and myenteric plexus (MP) of the distal ileum in concert with the intestinal motor function in a rat model of IBS with diarrhea. MethodsThe rat model was induced by heterotypic chronic and acute stress (CAS). The intestinal transit was measured by administering powdered carbon by gastric gavage. Double immunohistochemical fluorescence staining with whole-mount preparations of SMP and MP of enteric nervous system was used to assess changes in expression of choline acetyltransferase, vasoactive intestinal peptide, or nitric oxide synthase in relation to the pan neuronal marker, anti-Hu. ResultsThe intestinal transit ratio increased significantly from control values of 50.8% to 60.6% in the CAS group. The numbers of enteric ganglia and neurons in the SMP were increased in the CAS group. The proportions of choline acetyltransferase-and vasoactive intestinal peptide-immunoreactive neurons in the SMP were increased (82.1 ± 4.3% vs. 76.0 ± 5.0%, P = 0.021; 40.5 ± 5.9% vs 28.9 ± 3.7%, P = 0.001), while nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons in the MP were decreased compared with controls (23.3 ± 4.5% vs 32.4 ± 4.5%, P = 0.002). ConclusionsThese morphological changes in enteric neurons to CAS might contribute to the dysfunction in motility and secretion in IBS with diarrhea. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016;22:310-320)

show abstract

Stress-Induced Visceral Pain: Toward Animal Models of Irritable-Bowel Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities

Cited by 135 publications

References 523 publications

Behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic gut microbiota depletion during adulthood in the rat

Behavioural and neurochemical consequences of chronic gut microbiota depletion during adulthood in the rat

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Changes in Enteric Neurons of Small Intestine in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About